This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
References
Bortone SA, Davis WP, Bundrick (1989) Morphological and behavioral characters as potential bioindication of exposure to kraft mill effluent. Bull Environ Cont Tox 43(3):
Bortone SA, Drysdale DT (1981) Additional evidence for environmentally induced intersexuality in poeciliid fishes. Assoc Southeastern Biol Bull 28:67
Clemmens HP, McDermitt C, Inslee I (1966) The effects of feeding methyltestosterone to guppies for 60 days after birth. Copeia 1966:280–284
Denton TE, Howell WM, Allison JJ, McCollum J, Marks B (1985) Masculinization of female mosquitofish by exposure to plant sterols andMycobacterium smegmatis. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 35:627–632
Howell WM, Black A, Bortone SA (1980) Abnormal expression of secondary sex characters in a population of mosquitofish,Gambusia affinis holbrooki; evidence for environmentally-induced msculinization. Copeia 1980:676–681
Howell WM, Denton TE (1988) Gonopodial morphogenesis in female mosquitofish,Gambusia affinis, masculinized by exposure to degradation products from plant sterols. Environ Biol Fish
Fagerlund UHM, McBride JR, Stone ET (1979) A test of 17α-methyltestosterone as a growth promoter in a coho salmon hatchery. Trans Amer Fish Soc 108:467–472
Grobstein C (1940) Endocrine and developmental studies on gonopod differentiation in certain poeciliid fishes. I. the structure and development of the gonopod inPlatvpoecilus maculatus. Univ Calif Publ Zool 47:1–22
Lone KP, Matty AJ (1980) The effect of feeding methyltestosterone on the growth and body composition of the common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Gen Camp Endocrinol 40:409–424.
Merck Index (1976) Merck Index, 9th ed., Merck and Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey
McLeay DJ, Brown DA (1974) Growth stimulation and biochemical changes in juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) exposed to kraft pulpmill effluent for 200 days. J Fish Res Bd Canada 31:1034–1059
Moshen T (1959) Differential effects of various androgens on somatic growth and on gonopodial development in the cyprinodont:Lebistes reticulatus. Growth 23:303–311.
Prescott SC, Dunn CG (1959) The microbiological transformation of steroids. In: Prescott SC, Dunn CG (eds) McGraw-Hill Book Co Inc, New York, pp 723–761
Rosa-Molinar E, Williams CS (1984) Notes on fecundity of an arrhenoid population of mosquitofish,Gambusia affinis holbrooki. Northeast Gulf Sci 7:121–125
Turner CL (1941a) Regeneration of the gonopodium ofGambusia during morphogenesis. J Exper Zool 87:181–209
Turner CL (1941b) Morphogenesis of the gonopodium inGambusia affinis. J Morph 69:161–185
Turner CL (1942) Morphogenesis of the gonopodial suspensorium inGambusia affinis and the induction of male suspensorial characters in the female by androgenic hormone. J Exper Zool 91:167–193
Turner CL (1960) The effects of steroid hormones on the development of some secondary sexual characters in cyprinodont fishes. Trans Amer Microscop Soc 79:320–333
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Drysdale, D.T., Bortone, S.A. Laboratory induction of intersexuality in the mosquitofish,Gambusia affinis, using paper mill effluent. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 43, 611–617 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01701943
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01701943