Summary
Serum and sputum concentrations of ampicillin or amoxycillin were measured in patients admitted to hospital for acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis with purulent sputum. Mean peak serum levels of nearly 12 mg/l were found after 1600 mg bacampicillin (mean peak level in sputum 0.85 mg/l). The serum and sputum concentrations after 750 mg amoxycillin and 800 mg bacampicillin were comparable (mean peak serum levels approximately 9.5 mg/l, sputum concentrations 0.4 to 0.5 mg/l) although the drugs were not given in equimolar doses. Results after 1000 mg ampicillin by mouth were less satisfactory (mean peak serum level 7.8 mg/l) and only 0.25 mg/l was attained in the sputum. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of ampicillin and amoxycillin were measured for 177Haemophilus influenzae strains. Most of the ampicillin MIC values were between 0.125 and 0.5 mg/l but more of the strains required 0.5 mg/l of amoxycillin. The amoxycillin MIC values were often one or two dilutions higher than those of ampicillin (p < 0.001).
Zusammenfassung
Serum und Sputumkonzentrationen von Ampicillin und Amoxycillin wurden bei Patienten gemessen, die wegen akuter Exazerbation einer chronischen Bronchitis mit purulentem Sputum ins Krankenhaus eingewiesen wurden. Nach Gabe von 1600 mg Bacampicillin wurden mittlere Serumspitzenspiegel von annähernd 12 mg/l festgestellt (mittlere Spitzenspiegel im Sputum 0,85 mg/l). Die Serum und Sputumkonzentrationen nach 750 mg Amoxycillin und 800 mg Bacampicillin waren vergleichbar (mittlere Spitzenspiegel annähernd 9,5 mg/l, Sputum Konzentrationen 0,4 bis 0,5 mg/l), obwohl die Medikamente nicht äquimolaren Dosen gegeben wurden. Die Ergebnisse nach 1000 mg Ampicillin per os waren weniger zufriedenstellend (mittlere Spitzenspiegel 7,8 mg/l und nur 0,25 mg/l wurden im Sputum erreicht) Die mittleren Hemmkonzentrationen von Ampicillin und Amoxycillin wurden für 177Haemophilus influenzae Stämme gemessen. Die meisten der Ampicillin MHK Werte lagen zwischen 0,125 und 0,5 mg/l, aber ein größerer Teil der Stämme erforderte 0,5 mg/l Amoxycillin. Die Amoxycillin MHK Werte waren oft ein oder zwei Verdünnungen höher als die von Ampicillin (p < 0,001).
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Davies, B., Maesen, F. Serum and sputum antibiotic levels after ampicillin, amoxycillin and bacampicillin in chronic bronchitis patients. Infection 7 (Suppl 5), S465–S468 (1979). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01659773
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01659773