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Acute temporary laterofixation for treatment of bilateral vocal cord paralyses after surgery for advanced thyroid carcinoma

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Abstract

Four patients with breathing obstruction after surgery for advanced thyroid carcinoma were found to have bilateral vocal cord paralysis. They were treated with acute temporary laterofixation of one of the vocal cords. This measure established a stable airway in all the patients and maintained acceptable voices. None of the patients had aspiration problems. After 4 to 7 weeks the nonlaterofixated vocal cord had regained normal function in each patient, and the thread used for the laterofixation could be removed. In the two patients who had anatomically intact recurrent laryngeal nerves bilaterally, the previously laterofixated vocal cords displayed normal movements within another 8 weeks in one patient and 7 weeks in the other patient. This observation demonstrates that a temporary laterofixation can be done without lasting damage to the vocal cord. Acute temporary vocal cord laterofixation is a procedure that has the potential to minimize the morbidity and complications of bilateral vocal cord paralysis, and in most patients it can be done instead of tracheostomy.

Résumé

Une paralysie bilatérale des cordes vocales a été la cause d'une gêne respiratoire majeure chez quatre patients opérés d'un cancer avancé de la thyroïde et a été traitée par une latérofixation temporaire d'une des cordes vocales. Cette intervention a rétabli la perméabilité des voies aériennes avec une voix acceptable dans tous les cas. La corde vocale non fixée a repris une fonction normale après environ 4 à 7 semaines et on a pu alors enlever le fils qui maintenait la latérofixation. Chez deux patients qui avaient des nerfs récurrents intacts, la mobilité normale des cordes vocales latérofixées a été rétablie 7 et 8 semaines après réintervention. Ces résultats démontrent que la latérofixation temporaire peut être accomplie sans endommager définitivement la corde vocale. La latérofixation temporaire de la corde vocale est un procédé qui minimise la morbidité et les complications dues à une paralysie bilatérale des cordes vocales, et chez la plupart des patients, peut éviter la trachéotomie.

Resumen

Cuatro pacientes con obstrucción respiratoria luego de cirugfa para carcinoma tiroideo avanzado que presentaban parálisis bilateral de las cuerdas vocales, fueron tratados con el procedimiento de laterofijación aguda temporal de una de las cuerdas vocales. Tal procedimiento logró establecer una vía aérea estable y el mantenimiento de voz adecuada; ninguno de los pacientes tuvo problemas de aspiración. Despué de 4 a 7 semanas la cuerda vocal no sometida a laterofijación había recobrado un funcionamiento normal en cada uno de los pacientes y el hilo utilizado para la laterofijación pudo ser removido. En los dos pacientes que tenían nervios laríngeos récurrentes anatómicamente intactos, las cuerdas previamente laterofijadas exhibieron movimientos normales, 8 semanas más tarde en uno, y 7 semanas en el otro. Esto demuestra que la laterofijación se puede realizar sin producir lesion prolongada de la cuerda vocal. La laterofijación aguda demuestra ser un procedimiento con la capacidad potencial de disminuir la morbilidad y las complicaciones de la parálisis bilateral de las cuerdas vocales y puede reemplazar a la traqueostomía en la mayoría de los casos.

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Ejnell, H., Tisell, LE. Acute temporary laterofixation for treatment of bilateral vocal cord paralyses after surgery for advanced thyroid carcinoma. World J. Surg. 17, 277–280 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01658947

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