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Comparison between Savary-Gilliard and balloon dilatation of benign esophageal strictures

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Abstract

The efficiency and safety of the 2 most commonly used endoscopic dilators, Savary-Gilliard and pressure balloons, were compared in 2 groups, each including 30 patients, with benign esophageal strictures. Four additional patients with tight and tortuous cervical esophageal strictures were initially managed by balloon dilatation followed by Savary-Gilliard dilatation. These patients could not be dilated by each of the methods alone. Sixty patients [35 males and 25 females with a mean age of 52 years (range, 4–91)] underwent 165 esophageal dilatations. The etiologies of strictures included reflux esophagitis (65%), caustic damage (18.3%), and postoperative (anastomotic, or post-Nissen operation) in 16.7%. Dysphagia improved in all patients; however, 2 patients (1 from each group) with hard postoperative anastomotic stricture eventually underwent surgical resection of stricture. There were no major complications or mortality related to the dilatations. Both methods were highly effective and well tolerated, yet Savary-Gilliard dilators were slightly more effective and simpler to use than balloons. Nevertheless, tortuous cervical strictures and multiple closely-placed strictures were more effectively managed by initial use of balloon followed by Savary dilators.

Résumé

On a comparé l'efficacité et l'inocuité des 2 dilatateurs endoscopiques le plus souvent utilisés, bougies de Savary-Gilliard et sondes à ballonnets, chez 2 groupes comprenant chacun 30 patients ayant une sténose oesophagienne bénigne. On a traité également 4 patients ayant une sténose oesophagienne cervicale sinueuse et serrée d'abord par dilatation avec ballonnets puis par dilatation avec des bougies de Savary-Gilliard. Ces patients n'ont pu être dilatés par une seule des 2 méthodes. Soixante patients [35 hommes et 25 femmes, âgés en moyenne de 52 ans (ages extrèmes de 4 à 91)] ont eu une dilatation oesophagienne par une seule méthode. Les étiologies de la sténose étaient les suivantes: oesophagite peptique (65% des cas), lésion caustique (18.3%), ou postopératoire (anastomotique, ou suivant une opération de Nissen) (16.7%). Chez tous les patients la dysphagie s'est améliorée. Toutefois, 2 patients (1 de chaque groupe) ayant une sténose anastomotique postopératoire serrée ont eu par la suite une résection chirurgicale de leur sténose. Il n'y a eu ni complications graves ni mortalité imputables aux dilatations. Les 2 méthodes se sont avérées très efficaces et bien tolérées, encore que les dilatateurs Savary-Gilliard soient légèrement plus efficaces et plus faciles à utiliser que les sondes à ballonnet. Néanmoins, les sténoses cervicales sinueuses et les sténoses multiples proches les unes des autres, ont été traitées au mieux par l'emploi d'abord des ballonnets puis des dilatateurs de Savary.

Resumen

Se efectuó la comparación de la seguridad y la eficacia de los 2 dilatadores endoscópicos más utilizados, el dilatador de Savary-Gilliard y el balón de presión, en 2 grupos, cada uno de 30 pacientes con estenosis benignas del esófago. Cuatro pacientes adicionales con estenosis severas y tortuosas del esófago cervical fueron manejados inicialmente con dilataciones con balón seguidas de dilataciones con el dilatador de Savary-Gilliard. Estos pacientes no pudieron ser dilatado mediante uno sólo de los 2 métodos. Sesenta pacientes [35 hombres y 25 mujeres, con edad promedio de 52 años (rango de 4 a 91)], recibieron 165 dilataciones esofágicas. Las etiologías de las estenosis incluyeron la esofagitis de reflujo (65%), la lesión cáustica (18.3%), y la estenosis postoperatoria (anastomótica o postoperación de Nissen) en 16.7%. La disfagia mejoró en la totalidad de los pacientes. Sin embargo, 2 casos (1 en cada grupo) con estenosis anastomótica fibrótica eventualmente fueron sometidos a resección quirúrgica de la estenosis. No se presentaron complicaciones mayores ni mortalidad relacionada con las dilataciones. Ambos métodos probaron ser altamente efectivos y bien tolerados, aunque los dilatadores de Savary-Gilliard aparecieron ligeramente más efectivos y más fáciles de usar que los balones. Sin embargo, las estenosis tortuosas del esófago cervical así como las estenosis múltiples y cercanas unas de otras, pudieron ser más efectivamente manejadas mediante el uso inicial de balones, seguido de dilatadores de Savary.

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Shemesh, E., Czerniak, A. Comparison between Savary-Gilliard and balloon dilatation of benign esophageal strictures. World J. Surg. 14, 518–521 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01658680

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