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Penetration of cefazolin, ceftriaxone, cefoperazone, and ceftazidime into human gallbladder tissue and bile

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Abstract

Forty patients underwent elective cholecystectomy following administration of a single intravenous dose of cefazolin, ceftriaxone, cefoperazone, or ceftazidime. Mean gallbladder bile concentrations of cefoperazone (398.8μ g/ml and ceftriaxone (153.4 μg/ml) were significantly higher than those of cefazolin (12.3 μg/ml) and ceftazidime (3.08 μ g/ml) (p<0.008). Mean gallbladder tissue levels of cefazolin (30.1 μ g/g), ceftriaxone (50.5 μ g/g), and cefoperazone (91.0 μ g/g) exceeded that of ceftazidime (7.25 μ g/g) (p<0.001). When adjusted for known in vitro activity against biliary pathogens, these data suggest that cefoperazone and ceftriaxone are superior to ceftazidime and cefazolin for prophylaxis in elective biliary surgery.

Résumé

Quarante patients ont été cholécystectomisés après administration intraveineuse d'une dose unique de céfazoline, de ceftriaxone, de céfapérazone ou de ceftazidine. La concentration moyenne de la bile vésiculaire en céfopérazone (398.8μg/ml) et en ceftriaxone (153.4μg/ml) était significativement plus élevée que la concentration en céfazoline (12.3μg/ml) et en ceftazidine (3.08μg/ml) (p<0.008). Les concentrations tissulaires vésiculaires moyennes de céfazoline (30.1μg/g), de ceftriaxone (50.5μg/g), et de céfopérazone (91.0μg/g) étaient plus importantes que la concentration de ceftazidine (7.25μg/g) (p<0.001). Lorsque ces antibiotiques sont sensibles in vitro contre des germes pathogènes, nos résultats suggèrent que le céfopérazone et la ceftriaxone sont meilleurs que la ceftazidine et la céfazoline dans la prophylaxie antibiotique de la chirurgie biliaire élective.

Resumen

Las nuevas cefalosporinas “de tercera generación” poseen actividad contra una variedad de bacterias, incluso la mayoría de los patógenos biliares comunes. Hemos realizado un estudio prospectivo sobre el grado de penetración de la cefazolina, la ceftriaxona, la cefoperazona, y la ceftazidima en el tejido y la bilis de la vesícula biliar en pacientes sometidos a colecistectomía electiva.

Cuarenta pacientes recibieron una dosis única de la cefalosporina dentro de la hora anterior a la colecistectomía. Las concentraciones medias en la bilis de la vesícula biliar fueron significativamente mayores para la cefoperazona (398.8μg/ml) y la ceftriaxona (153.4μg/ml) que para la cefazolina (12.3μg/ml) y la ceftazidima (3.08μg/ml) (p<0.008). Los niveles medios en el tejido de la vesícula biliar fueron superiores para la cefalozina (30.1μg/g), la ceftriaxona (50.5μg/g), y la cefoperazona (91.0μg/g que para la ceftazidima (7.25μg/g) (p<0.001). Al ajustar estos datos contra valores conocidos de actividad in vitro contra patógenos biliares, aparece que la cefoperazona y la ceftriaxona son superiores a la ceftazidima y la cefazolina en cuanto a profilaxis en cirugía biliar electiva.

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Berger, S.A., Levy, Y., Halevy, A. et al. Penetration of cefazolin, ceftriaxone, cefoperazone, and ceftazidime into human gallbladder tissue and bile. World J. Surg. 12, 641–644 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01655872

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