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Intraoperative radiotherapy in carcinoma of the stomach and pancreas

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Abstract

Clinical results of intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) in carcinoma of the stomach and the pancreas are reported. In carcinoma of the stomach, 101 patients were treated by IORT and 110 patients were treated by operation alone. The 5-year survival rates of patients treated by IORT were 87.2% for Stage I, 83.5% for Stage II, 62.3% for Stage III, and 14.7% for Stage IV. On the other hand, the 5-year survival rates of patients treated by operation alone were 93.0% for Stage I, 61.8% for Stage II, 36.8% for Stage III, and 0% for Stage IV. It has been demonstrated that IORT has definite effects on locally advanced gastric cancer.

In carcinoma of the pancreas, a total of 110 patients with locally advanced disease were entered into the pilot study. Forty-nine patients were treated by IORT (group 1), 20 patients were treated by IORT followed by external beam radiotherapy (group 2), and 41 patients were treated by operation alone (group 3). The median survivals were 5.5 months for group 1, 12.0 months for group 2, and 5.5 months for group 3. The pilot study suggests that a combined IORT and external beam treatment may provide better survival time than can be achieved by IORT without external beam radiotherapy or by operation alone for locally advanced pancreatic cancer.

Résumé

Les résultats cliniques de la radiothérapie peropératoire pratiquée pour le cancer de l'estomac et le cancer du pancréas sont rapportés par les auteurs. Dans le cas du cancer de l'estomac 101 malades ont été ainsi traités cependant que 110 sujets furent soumis au simple traitement chirurgical. Les taux de survie à 5 ans des malades traités par radiothérapie opératoire furent de 87.2% pour le Stade I, de 83.5% pour le Stade II, de 62.3% pour le Stade III, et de 14.7% pour le Stade IV. En cas d'intervention isolée les taux de survie furent de 93% pour le Stade I, de 61.8% pour le Stade II, de 36.8% pour le Stade III, et de 0% pour le Stade IV. Il est ainsi démontré que la radiothérapie opératoire a une action indéniable sur le cancer gastrique arrivé à un stade avancé.

Dans le cadre du cancer du pancréas 110 malades présentant des lésions avancées ont fait l'objet d'une étûde identique. Quarante-neuf malades (groupe I) furent traités par radiothérapie per-opératoire, 20 par cette méthode complétée par radiothérapie externe classique (groupe II), et 41 par la chirurgie (groupe III.) Le taux médian de survie fut de 5.5 mois pour le groupe I, de 12.0 mois pour le groupe II, et de 5.5 mois pour le groupe III. Il ressort de cette étude que la combinaison de la radiothérapie peropératoire et de la radiothérapie externe post-opératoire peut donner de meilleurs résultats que l'irradiation peropératoire isolée ou que l'intervention chirurgicale dès lors que le cancer du pancréas a atteint un stade avancé.

Resumen

Se informan los resultados clínicos de la radioterapia intraoperatoria (RTIO) en carcinoma de estómago y de páncreas. En cáncer de estómago, 101 pacientes fueron tratados con RTIO y 110 pacientes con cirugía solamente. Las tasas de supervivencia a 5 años de los pacientes tratados con RTIO fueron de 87.2% para Estado I, 83.5% para Estado II, 62.3% para Estado III, y 14.7% para Estado IV. Las tasas para pacientes tratados con cirugía solamente fueron de 93.0% para Estado I, 61.8% para Estado II, 36.8% para Estado III, y 0% para Estado IV. Se ha demostrado que la RTIO tiene efectos definidos sobre el cáncer gástrico localmente avanzado.

En carcinoma de páncreas un total de 110 pacientes con enfermedad local avanzada fueron ingresados al estudio piloto. Cuarenta y nueve pacientes fueron manejados con RTIO (grupo 1), 20 pacientes con RTIO seguida de radioterapia externa (grupo 2), y 41 pacientes con cirugía solamente (grupo 3). Las tasas de supervivencia media fueron 5.5 meses para el grupo 1, 12.0 meses para el grupo 2, y 5.5 meses para el grupo 3. El estudio piloto sugiere que la modalidad combinada de RTIO e irradiación externa puede significar una mejor supervivencia de la que se logra con RTIO sin irradiación externa o con cirugía solamente en pacientes con cáncer pancreático localmente avanzado.

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Supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid for Cancer Research (58-13, 60-8) from the Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare.

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Abe, M., Shibamoto, Y., Takahashi, M. et al. Intraoperative radiotherapy in carcinoma of the stomach and pancreas. World J. Surg. 11, 459–464 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01655810

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