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Effect of proximal gastric vagotomy on human gastric blood flow evaluated by endoscopic laser doppler flowmetry

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Abstract

The effect of proximal gastric vagotomy (PGV) on gastric blood flow has been evaluated endoscopically by laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) in 12 patients with duodenal ulcer. The gastric wall circulation was examined at 7 defined positions in all subjects prior to surgery, 1 week postoperatively, and after 3 months. For comparison, 21 healthy volunteers were also examined by LDF.

In all the investigated areas of the stomach, the blood flow values were lower in the unoperated duodenal ulcer patients than in the controls. In both groups, the blood circulation was significantly lower at the lesser curvature than at the greater curvature.

Seven days after PGV, the blood flow was reduced 30% in the devascularized part of the lesser curvature. After 3 months, the flow values were similar to the preoperative ones. The gastric acid secretion was significantly reduced at 3 months.

Postoperatively, one patient developed a gastric ulcer in the dissected area of the lesser curvature. This patient had lower flow values along the lesser curvature than the other patients after 7 days.

The results of this study show that PGV leads to a temporary reduction of blood flow at the lesser curvature. This regional decrease in blood flow is probably not an important factor for the reduced acid secretion measured after PGV.

Résumé

L'action de la vagotomie hautement sélective sur le flux sanguin gastrique a été étudiée par voie endoscopique avec le laser Doppler mesurant ce flux chez 12 malades porteurs d'un ulcere duodenal. La circulation de la paroi gastrique a été examinée en 7 positions bien définies chez tous les sujets avant l'intervention, une semaine après celle-ci et 3 mois après. Pour comparaison 21 volontaires ont été examinés suivant le même schéma.

Les valeurs du flux sanguin furent inférieures dans toutes les zones explorées chez les sujets porteurs d'un ulcère duodénal non opéré par rapport à celles des volontaires. Dans les 2 groupes la circulation sanguine était significativement plus importante au niveau de la petite courbure qu'au niveau de la grande courbure.

Sept jours après la vagotomie hautement sélective le flux sanguin fut réduit de 30% au niveau du segment dévascularisé de la petite courbure. Après 3 mois les valeurs du flux au niveau des zones explorées était de retour à la normale mais la sécrétion acide gastrique était significativement réduite.

Un malade opéré a développé un ulcère gastrique au niveau de la petite courbure. Ce sujet avait des flux sanguins le long de celle-ci plus bas que chez les autres sujets sept jours après l'opération.

Les résultats de cette étude démontrent que la vagotomie hautement sélective conduit à une réduction provisoire du flux sanguin le long de la petite courbure. L'abaissement de ce flux sanguin n'est probablement pas un facteur important dans la réduction de la sécrétion acide après vagotomie hautement sélective.

Resumen

El efecto de la vagotomía gástrica proximal (VGP) sobre el flujo sanguíneo del estómago ha sido valorado endoscópicamente mediante la flujornetría con Doppler de laser (FDL) en 12 pacientes con úlcera duodenal. La circulación de la pared gástrica fue examinada en 7 posiciones definidas en la totalidad de los pacientes antes de la cirugía, 1 semana después de la operación, y 3 meses más tarde. Para efectos de comparación también fueron examinados mediante FDL 21 voluntarios sanos.

En todas las áreas del estómago así investigadas se encontraron valores de flujo sanguíneo menores en los pacientes con úlcera duodenal y todavía no operados que en los controles. En ambos grupos la circulación sanguínea apareció significativamente menor sobre la curvatura menor que sobre la curvatura mayor.

Siete días después de la VGP el flujo sanguíneo resultó reducido en 30% en la porción devascularizada de la curvatura menor. Después de 3 meses los valores de flujo aparecieron similares a los valores preoperatorios. La secreción ácida gástrica resultó significativamente disminuida a los 3 meses.

Postoperatoriamente un paciente desarrolló una úlcera gástrica en el área disecada de la curvatura menor. Este paciente presentaba a los 7 días valores de flujo más bajos sobre la curvatura menor que el resto de los pacientes.

Los resultados del presente estudio muestran que la VGP induce una reducción temporal del flujo sanguíneo de la curvatura menor. Es probable que tal reducción regional en el flujo sanguíneo no sea un factor de importancia en cuanto a la disminución de la secreción aćida observada después de VGP.

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Lunde, O.C., Kvernebo, K. & Liavåg, I. Effect of proximal gastric vagotomy on human gastric blood flow evaluated by endoscopic laser doppler flowmetry. World J. Surg. 12, 406–409 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01655686

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