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Hyperthermic isolation perfusion of the limbs with cytostatics after surgical excision of sarcomas

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Abstract

In order to prevent recurrence, isolation perfusion was applied in 15 patients after resection of sarcomas of the limbs. There were 6 liposarcomas, 4 synoviosarcomas, 2 malignant fibrohistiocytomas, 1 malignant mesenchynoma, 1 Kaposi, and 1 osteosarcoma (the only bone sarcoma). Eight sarcomas were recurrent after narrow surgery and/or radiotherapy.

The treatment schedule was conducted in 2 steps: (a) removal of the tumor with safety margins at least outside the tumor capsule, followed 3–8 weeks later by (b) isolation perfusion with melphalan with or without actinomycin D under moderate hyperthermia at 39–41°C for 1 hour.

Median follow-up time has been 30 months. Four of the 8 recurrent sarcomas recurred again and developed distal metastases. In contrast, none of the previously untreated patients recurred and 1 disseminated in the form of multicentric liposarcoma. Eleven are still alive with survival ranging from 8 to 103 months.

It is concluded that isolation perfusion with melphalan with or without actinomycin D may be considered as an adjunct to surgery.

Résumé

Pour prévenir la récidive des sarcomes, la perfusion isolée a été employée après résection de 15 sarcomes des membres. Elle a concerné 6 liposarcomes, 4 sarcomes synoviaux, 2 fibrohistiocytomes malins, 1 sarcome de Kaposi, et 1 ostéosarcome (le seul cas de sarcome osseux).

Le protocole thérapeutique a compris 2 étapes: (a) ablation de la tumeur avec une marge de sécurité suffisante passant à l' exterieur de la capsule tumorale, (b) puis après 3 à 8 semaines circulation extracorporelle pendant une heure de melphalan associé ou non à de 1 'actinomycine D sous hyperthermie modérée à 39–41°C.

La médiane du temps de suivi a été de 30 mois. Quatre sur huit des récidives sarcomateuses ont récidivé à nouveau et ont vu se développer des métastases. Par contre, aucun malade qui n 'avait pas été traité préalablement n'a récidivé et un a présenté une dissémination tumorale sous la forme d'un liposarcome à foyers multiples. Onze sont encore en vie, la durée de la survie étant comprise entre 8 et 103 mois.

Les auteurs concluent de ces faits que la circulation extracorporelle avec du melphalan associé ou non à de l'actinomycine D peut être considérée comme un traitement complémentaire du traitement chirurgical.

Resumen

Con miras a la prevención de recurrencias, se aplicó perfusión aislada en 15 pacientes después de resección de sarcomas de las extremidades. El grupo incluyó 6 liposarcomas, 4 sinoviosarcomas, 2 fibrohistiocitomas malignos, 1 mesenquimoma maligno, 1 Kaposi, y 1 osteosarcoma (el único sarcoma óseo). Ocho sarcomas representaron recurrencia después de cirugía limitada y/o radioterapia.

El programa terapéutico fue conducido en 2 etapas: (a) remoción del tumor con márgenes de seguridad por lo menos por fuera de la cápsula tumoral, seguida 3–8 semanas después de (b) perfusión aislada con melfalán con o sin actinomicina D bajo hipertermia moderada a 39–41°C por 1 hora.

El promedio de seguimiento ha sido de 30 meses. Cuatro de los 8 sarcomas recurrentes presentaron la recurrencia de nuevo y desarrollaron metástasis distales. En contraste, ninguno de los pacientes que no habían recibido tratamiento previo presentó recurrencia y en uno se diseminó en la forma de un liposarcoma multicéntrico. Once permanecen vivos con supervivencia entre 8 y 103 meses.

Nuestra conclusión es que la perfusión aislada con melfalán con o sin actinomicina D puede ser considerada como una terapia adyuvante de la cirugía.

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Lejeune, F.J., Lienard, D. & Ewalenko, P. Hyperthermic isolation perfusion of the limbs with cytostatics after surgical excision of sarcomas. World J. Surg. 12, 345–348 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01655668

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