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Microsurgical free fibular bone transfer: A technique for reconstruction of large skeletal defects following resection of high-grade malignant tumors

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Abstract

In selected patients with localized malignant bone tumors, radical en bloc resection with adjuvant chemotherapy is now performed. Vascularized bone autografts can be used for secondary reconstruction of the bone defect. These grafts have the advantages of the nonvascularized ones, as well as the advantages of preserved viability. The fibula is usually the most suitable donor bone. Our surgical technique and the advantages and limitations of vascularized bone grafts are discussed.

Résumé

Certaines tumeurs malignes osseuses sélectionnées avec attention relèvent de nos jours d'une résection radicale en bloc complétée par la chimiothérapie. Des autogreffes osseuses bien vascularisées peuvent être employées pour procéder à la reconstruction d'un segment de squelette réséqué. Ces greffes présentent outre les mêmes avantages que les greffes non vascularisées le fait que leur viabilité est conservée. Le péroné constitue le greffon osseux de choix. La technique chirurgicale suivie par les auteurs ainsi que les avantages et la limitation des indications des greffes osseuses vascularisées sont étudiées et discutées dans l'article.

Resumen

En pacientes seleccionados de tumores óseos malignos localizados se puede realizar la resección en bloque con quimioterapia adyuvante, y es posible utilizar autoinjertos vascularizados de hueso para la reconstrucción secundaria del defecto óseo. La técnica del autoinjerto óseo vascularizado ha sido desarrollada en un esfuerzo por evitar los problemas de la revascularización de los injertos óseos convencionales. Los injertos óseos vascularizados poseen las ventajas de los no vascularizados, y todas las ventajas de la conservación de su viabilidad. Los injertos vascularizados, siendo independientes de la vecina vascularidad del lecho recipiente, parecen tolerar bien la irradiación y son resistentes a la infección. El peroné es generalmente el hueso más adecuado para servir como donante. Debido al estado vascular de la extremidad, no siempre es posible utilizar un injerto óseo vascularizado para la reconstrucción. El papel primordial del cirujano debe ser el de resecar el tumor maligno con márgenes adecuados de tejido normal, tanto de tejidos blandos como de hueso. Este objetivo no debe verse comprometido por tratar de preservar vasos que puedan permitir la reconstrucción con un injerto óseo vascularizado. En este artículo se discuten los aspectos de nuestra técnica quirúrgica y las ventajas y limitaciones de los injertos óseos vascularizados.

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  1. Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Hôpital Erasme, Cliniques Universitaires de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium

    F. Schuind M.D., F. Burny M.D. & F. J. Lejeune M.D.

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Schuind, F., Burny, F. & Lejeune, F.J. Microsurgical free fibular bone transfer: A technique for reconstruction of large skeletal defects following resection of high-grade malignant tumors. World J. Surg. 12, 310–317 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01655663

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