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Pulmonary function after cholecystectomy performed through Kocher's incision, a mini-incision, and laparoscopy

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Abstract

Comparative pulmonary function after cholecystectomy performed through Kocher's incision, a mini-incision, and laparoscopy was evaluated. Forty-five patients were randomly and prospectively divided into three groups of 15 each, depending on the surgical access employed. Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume at 1 second (FEV1), and forced expiratory flow at 25% to 75% (FEF25–75%) were determined 1 to 3 days before and 16 to 24 hours after cholecystectomy. The percent reduction of FVC (p=0.0170), FEV1 (p=0.0191), and FEF25–75% (p=0.0045) was smaller after laparoscopic cholecystectomy than after Kocher's incision cholecystectomy. The percent reduction of FVC (p=0.0170) was smaller after mini-incision cholecystectomy than after Kocher's incision cholecystectomy. There was no difference in the FEV1 (p=0.0971) or FEF25–75% (p=0.2058) between these two groups. FEF25–75% was significantly less impaired in the laparoscopic group than in the mini-incision group (p=0.0327). No difference between these two groups was found in FVC (p=0.5755) or FEV1 (p=0.3952). It is concluded that postoperative pulmonary function is less impaired after laparoscopic cholecystectomy than after either mini-incision or Kocher's incision cholecystectomy.

Résumé

On a comparé la fonction pulmonaire après cholécystectomie réalisée soit par une incision de Kocher (incision sous-costale droite), soit par une “mini-laparotomie” (incision transverse de 6–8 cm) soit sous coelioscopie. Quarante-cinq patients ont été tirés au sort en trois groupes de 15 patients pour chaque voie d'abord. Ont été mesurés 1 et 3 jours avant et 16–24 heures après la cholécystectomie, la capacité vitale forcée (CVF), le volume expiratoire maximum en une seconde (VEMS) et les débits expiratoires forcées à 25% et à 75% (DEF). La réduction de la CVF, VEMS, et DEF après cholécystectomie par coelioscopie étaient statistiquement significativement plus faible (p=0.0170, 0.0191, et 0.0045, respectivement) par rapport à celle observée après l'incision de Kocher. De même, ces trois paramètres étaient significativement diminuées après mini-laparotomie par rapport à l'incision de Kocher. Il n'y avait aucune différence dans la VEMS et les DEF entre ces deux groupes. Les DEF étaient significativement moins diminués après cholécystectomie sous coelioscopie par rapport à la mini-laparotomie (p=0.0327). Aucune différence significative n'a été retrouvée en ce qui concerne la valeur de la CVF ou de la VEMS. Nous concluons que la fonction pulmonaire postopératoire est moins perturbée après cholécystectomie sous coelioscopie par rapport à soit la mini-laparotomie ou soit l'incision de Kocher.

Resumen

Se hizo un estudio comparativo de la función pulmonar luego de colecistectomía realizada a través de una incisión de Kocher, mini-incisión o laparoscópia. Cuarenta y cinco pacientes fueron divididos en forma aleatoria y prospectiva en tres; grupos de 15 cada uno, según el abordaje quirúrgico utilizado, la capacidad vital forzada (FVC) y el volumen espiratorio forzado a 25% y 75% (FEF 25%–75%) fueron determinados en 1–3 días antes y 16–24 horas después de la colecistectomía. El porcentaje de disminución de la FVC (p=0.0170), el FEV-1 (p=0.0191) y el FEF 25%–75% (p=0.0045) fue menor tras la colecistectomía laparoscópica que tras la operación hecha por incisión de Kocher. El porcentaje de reducción de la FVC (p=0.0170) fue menor tras la colecistectomía por mini-incisión que tras la operación por incisión de Kocher. No se observó diferencia en el FEV-1 (p=0.0971) ni en el FEF 25%–75% (p=0.2058) entre los dos grupos. El FEF 25%–75% apareció significativamente menos alterado en el grupo laparoscópico que en el grupo de mini-incisión (p=0.327). No se observó diferencia en la FVC (p=0.5755) ni en el FEV-1 (p=0.3952) entre los dos grupos. La conclusión es que la función pulmonar postoperatoria resulta menos alterada tras la colecistectomía laparscópica que tras la colecistectomía realizada por mini-incisión o por incisión de Kocher.

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Coelho, J.C.U., de Araujo, R.P.M., Marchesini, J.B. et al. Pulmonary function after cholecystectomy performed through Kocher's incision, a mini-incision, and laparoscopy. World J. Surg. 17, 544–546 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01655120

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