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Laboratory and clinical evaluation of a membrane oxygenator with secondary flows in the blood channels

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Abstract

A microporous membrane oxygenator which has transverse furrows on the membrane surface has been used in 50 clinical cardiopulmonary bypass procedures for coronary revascularization. The transverse furrows on the membrane, together with intermittent rapid pulsatile reversal of the blood flow in the blood film, produce secondary flows in the film and increase exposure of desaturated blood to the membrane. Venous drainage flows into a plastic reservoir, from which it is pumped through the oxygenator and integral heat exchanger into the aorta of the patient. Perfusions were carried out with hemodilution and moderate hypothermia. The oxygenator was ventilated with oxygen. In experimental perfusions using calves, the oxygen transfer was as high as 371 ml/min. During the clinical perfusions, arterial oxygen saturation was always 98% or higher. The mean arterial carbon dioxide tension was 41 mm Hg at a mean O2 flow of 1.4 L/min. The mean arterial pH was 7.40. The oxygenator puiser which created the secondary flows in the blood film was operated at a rate of between 90 and 255 pulses per minute. Pressure drop across the oxygenator averaged 18 mm Hg. Oxygen tension in the arterial blood could be regulated with the pulser rate, greater pulser rates being associated with larger oxygen transfer. Carbon dioxide transfer was best regulated by changes in gas flow rate. The oxygenator functioned well and was safe and reliable during these 50 perfusions.

Résumé

Au cours de 50 opérations de court-circuits cardiopulmonaire pour revascularisation coronarienne on a employé un oxygénateur a membrane microporeuse qui présentait des sillons transverses. La présence de ces sillons sur la membrane, (en même temps que le renversement intermittent et rapide du flux sanguin au niveau du film) provoque des flux secondaires qui augmentent l'exposition du sang désaturé, Le sang veineux s'écoule dans un réservoir en plastique d'où il est pompé à travers l'oxygénateur et l'échangeur de chaleur pour aboutir à l'aorte. La perfusion est conduite sous hémodilution et hypothermie modérée. L'oxygénateur est ventilé par de l'oxygène.

Au cours d'une expérimentation conduite chez des veaux le transfert de l'oxygène atteignit 371ml/ min. En clinique la saturation artérielle en oxygène fut toujours de 98% ou plus. La pression moyenne en dioxide de carbone fut de 41 mm Hg et le flux moyen en 03 de 1,4 1/min. Le pH artériel moyen fut de 7.40. Le pulseur qui crée les courant secondaires au niveau du film fonctionne au rythme de 90 à 255 impulsions par minute. La chute de la pression au travers de l'oxygénateur atteignit 18 mm Hg. La pression de l'O2 au niveau du sang artériel put être contrôlé en fonction du taux de pulsions; le plus grand nombre de pulsions allant de pair avec le plus grand transfert d'oxygène. Le transfert de CO2 fut fonction des changements du taux du flux gazeux.

Ce type d'oxygénateur fonctionne bien, il est sûr et fiable, ainsi qu'en témoigne l'expérience de ces 50 perfusions.

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References

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Presented before the meeting of the International Society of Surgery, Montreux, Switzerland, September, 1981.

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Karlson, K.E., Massimino, R.J., Singh, A.K. et al. Laboratory and clinical evaluation of a membrane oxygenator with secondary flows in the blood channels. World J. Surg. 6, 358–361 (1982). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01653557

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01653557

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