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Investigation of the biliary clearances of cefotaxime and desacetylcefotaxime by an original procedure in cholecystectomised patients

Bestimmung der Gallenausscheidung von Cefotaxim und Desacetylcefotaxim bei cholezystektomierten Patienten unter Verwendung einer neu entwickelten Methode

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Summary

The biliary elimination of cefotaxime (CTX) and its metabolite desacetylcefotaxime (DSCTX) were measured by HPLC in nine recently cholecystectomised patients following the i. v. injection of 15 mg/kg body weight of CTX. All of the bile was collected by an original procedure: the inflated balloon of a Fogarty catheter was introduced into the distal branch of a Kehr drain T-tube. Biliary clearance of CTX and DSCTX was measured for 8 h. Cefotaxime peaked at 90 min after injection at 34.5 ± 15.3 mg/l; in the 7–8 h sample it was 2.7 ± 1.7 mg/l. DSCTX peaked at the same time at 49.3 ± 17.0 mg/l, and was 4.6 ± 3.2 mg/l at 8 h. The bile/serum ratio of CTX and DSCTX concentrations was above 1 from the first to the eighth hours (range: 1.35 ± 1.08 to 11.0 ± 3.1). The biliary clearance of CTX was 0.190 ml/min. The total amounts of CTX and DSCTX eliminated in bile were respectively 1050 ± 472.8 µg and 1902.7 ± 804.1 µg (0.093 ± 0.041% of the dose and 0.186 ± 0.077% of the dose). Considering the minimum inhibitory concentration of the pathogens currently encountered in biliary sepsis, CTX should be a suitable antimicrobial agent for the treatment of biliary infections.

Zusammenfassung

Die Gallenausscheidung von Cefotaxime (CTX) und dessen Metaboliten Desacetylcefotaxime (DSCTX) werden bei 9 kürzlich cholezystektomierten Patientinnen nach einer intravenösen Injektion von 15 mg/kg Körpergewicht CTX gemessen. Die gesamte Galle wurde durch ein spezielles Vorgehen gesammelt: der aufgeblasene Ballon eines Fogarty Katheters wurde in den distalen Zweig eines Kehr-T-Drains eingeführt. Die biliäre Clearance des CTX und des DSCTX wurde während 8 Stunden gemessen. Die CTX-Konzentration erreichte Spitzenwerte von 34,5 ± 15,3 mg/l 90 Minuten nach der Injektion. Diese Werte sanken auf 2,7 ± 1,7 mg/l nach 7–8 Stunden. DSCTX erreichte seine Spitzenkonzentration zur gleichen Zeit mit 49,3 ± 1,7 mg/l und fiel auf 4,6 ± 3,2 mg/l nach 8 Stunden. Das Konzentrationsverhältnis Galle/Serum von CTX und DSCTX blieb bei 1 während der ganzen Probezeit (Mittelwerte 1,35 ± 1,08 bis 11,0 ± 3,1). Die biliäre Clearance von CTX war 0,190 ml/min. Die Gesamtmenge an in der Galle ausgeschiedenem CTX und DSCTX betrug 1050 ± 472,8 µg bzw. 1902,7 ± 804,1 µg (0,093 ± 0,041% bzw. 0,186 ± 0,077% der Dosis). Wenn man die minimalen Hemmkonzentrationen der häufigsten Erreger bei biliärer Sepsis betrachtet, scheint CTX ein geeignetes Antibiotikum für die Behandlung von biliären Infektionen zu sein.

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Jehl, F., Peter, J.D., Dupeyron, J.P. et al. Investigation of the biliary clearances of cefotaxime and desacetylcefotaxime by an original procedure in cholecystectomised patients. Infection 15, 450–454 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01647231

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01647231

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