Summary
Sisomicin is a new aminoglycoside similar to gentamicin in chemical structure and antibacterial spectrum. The in vitro activity of sisomicin, gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin and kanamycin was determined in broth dilution assays against 310 clinical isolates which included staphylococci, enterococci, Enterobacteriaceae and non-fermenting gram-negative bacilli. Sisomicin was found to be the most predictably active agent against the gram-positive isolates. The activity of sisomicin was equal to that of gentamicin and tobramycin and significantly greater than that of amikacin or kanamycin against Escherichia coli, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus morganii, and Citrobacter. Sisomicin and gentamicin were the most active agents against Serratia; tobramycin was most active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa; and amikacin and kanamycin were most active against Proteus rettgeri and Providencia. For the majority of isolates minimal inhibitory concentrations of sisomicin were similar to minimal bactericidal concentrations. Organisms resistant to one of the five aminoglycosides were not necessarily resistant to the others. Zone sizes of 15 mm or more were obtained by the Bauer-Kirbytechnique with 10 µg/ml sisomicin disks for the majority of isolates inhibited by ≤ 6.2 µg/ml of the drug in broth dilution assays. Determination of bacterial killing by combinations of penicillin and sisomicin indicated a marked synergistic effect against enterococci. Results from this and other in vitro studies conducted over the past six years suggest that sisomicin possesses certain advantages over other aminoglycosides that might be extrapolated to the in vivo situation.
Zusammenfassung
Sisomicin ist ein neues Aminoglykosid, das dem Gentamicin in seiner chemischen Struktur und dem antibakteriellen Spektrum ähnlich ist. Die In-vitro-Aktivität von Sisomicin, Gentamicin, Tobramycin, Amikacin und Kanamycin wurde in Reihenverdünnungstests für 310 Stämme, die Staphylokokken, Enterokokken, Enterobacteriaceae und nicht fermentbildende gramnegative Bakterien umfaßten, bestimmt. Sisomicin war das wirksamste Antibiotikum gegen grampositive Stämme. Die Wirkung von Sisomicin war gleich der des Gentamicin, Tobramycin und signifikant besser als die von Amikacin oder Kanamycin gegen Escherichia coli, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus morganii und Citrobacter. Sisomicin und Gentamicin waren die wirksamsten Antibiotika gegen Serratia; Tobramycin war am wirksamsten gegen Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Amikacin und Kanamycin waren am wirksamsten gegen Proteus rettgeri und Providencia. Für die meisten Stämme war die MHK des Sisomicin ähnlich der MBK. Stämme, die gegen eines der fünf Aminoglykoside resistent waren, waren dies nicht notwendigerweise gegen die anderen. Hemmhofdurchmesser von 15 mm oder darüber wurden nach der Technik vonBauer-Kirby mit 10 mcg Sisomicin-Testplättchen für die meisten Stämme ermittelt, die von ≤ 6,2 mcg/ml des Antibiotikums im Reihenverdünnungstest gehemmt wurden. Bei Untersuchungen zur Abtötung von Bakterien durch Kombinationen von Penicillin und Sisomicin wurde ein deutlich synergistischer Effekt gegen Enterokokken festgestellt. Die Ergebnisse dieser und anderer In-vitro-Studien, die über die vergangenen sechs Jahre durchgeführt wurden, sprechen dafür, daß Sisomicin gegenüber anderen Aminoglykosiden bestimmte Vorteile hat, die in der In-vivo-Wirkung zum Tragen kommen können.
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Sanders, C., Sanders, W. Sisomicin: A composite of comparative in vitro studies spanning six years. Infection 4 (Suppl 4), S317–S323 (1976). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01646958
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01646958