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Enhancement or inhibition of antimicrobial activity in serum by metabolic alterations in disease

Verstärkung oder Hemmung der antimikrobiellen Aktivität im Serum durch Stoffwechselstörungen bei Kranken

  • Synergy Between Host Defence And Antimicrobial Agents
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Summary

Protein binding is an important determinant of antimicrobial activity in serum. Disease states can alter the binding of antimicrobials and thereby affect their biologic activity. Uremia is associated with a reduction in the binding of dicloxacillin, penicillin G, cefamandole and cefalothin with a resulting enhancement in antimicrobial activity as measured by agar diffusion zones of inhibition or minimal inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations. The greatest change is observed with the more avidly bound dicloxacillin. Free fatty acids (FFA) decrease the binding of dicloxacillin and cefamandole, but enhance the binding of penicillin G and cefalothin. These contrasting effects of FFA on protein binding are also reflected by changes in antimicrobial activity in serum. These metabolic alterations of protein binding in disease may also affect antimicrobial activity in vivo.

Zusammenfassung

Die Proteinbindung ist ein wesentlicher Faktor der antibakteriellen Aktivität im Serum. Krankheitszustände können Einfluß auf die Bindung von Antibiotika ausüben und so auf deren biologische Aktivität einwirken. Die Urämie geht mit einer Herabsetzung der Bindung von Dicloxacillin, Penicillin G, Cefamandol und Cephalotin einher; die Folge ist eine Zunahme der antibakteriellen Aktivität, wie an den Hemmzonen im Agardiffusionstest oder durch Bestimmung der Hemm- und bakteriziden Minimalkonzentrationen zu ersehen. Am stärksten zeigt sich dies an dem besonders intensiv gebundenen Dicloxacillin. Freie Fettsäuren verringern die Bindung von Dicloxacillin und Cefamandol, erhöhen aber die Bindung von Penicillin G und Cephalotin. Diese antagnostischen Wirkungen der freien Fettsäuren auf die Proteinbindung drücken sich auch in Veränderungen der antibakteriellen Aktivität im Serum aus. Derartige metabolisch bedingte Veränderungen der Proteinbindung bei Krankheiten können auch Einfluß auf die antibakterielle Aktivität in vivo ausüben.

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Craig, W.A., Suh, B. Enhancement or inhibition of antimicrobial activity in serum by metabolic alterations in disease. Infection 6 (Suppl 1), S82–S85 (1978). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01646073

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