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In vitro activity of second and third generation cephalosporins against ampicillin susceptible and resistant haemophilus influenzae

In vitro-Aktivität von Cephalosporinen der zweiten und dritten Generation gegen Ampicillin-empfindliche und -resistente Stämme von Haemophilus influenzae

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Summary

One hundred seventy-five clinical isolates ofHaemophilus influenzae (including 74 β-lactamaseproducing strains) were examined for susceptibility to ampicillin, cefonicid, cefamandole, cefuroxime and cefotaxime. Cefonicid and cefamandole exhibited similar activity against ampicillin-susceptible strains (MIC90 = 0.2 mg/l for both antibiotics); cefuroxime was slightly less active (MIC90 = 0.01 mg/l). However, cefonicid, cefuroxime and cefotaxime were all more active against β-lactamase-producingH. influenzae than cefamandole (MIC90 = 1.0 mg/l for cefonicid, MIC90 = 2.0 mg/l for cefuroxime, MIC90 = 0.01 mg/l for cefotaxime, MIC90 = 5.0 mg/l for cefamandole). One hundred twenty-five of the 175 isolates were also tested for susceptibility to cefonicid and cefamandole by disc diffusion technique and a plot of zone diameter vs. MIC was analyzed for the β-lactamase-producing strains.

Zusammenfassung

175 klinische Isolate vonHaemophilus influenzae (einschließlich 74 β-Laktamase bildenden Stämmen) wurden auf ihre Empfindlichkeit gegen Ampicillin, Cefonicid, Cefamandol, Cefuroxim und Cefotaxim untersucht. Die Aktivität gegen Ampicillin-empfindliche Stämme war bei Cefonicid und Cefamandol ähnlich (MHK für beide Antibiotika 0,2 mg/l); Cefuroxim zeigte etwas geringere Aktivität (MHK 1,0 mg/l); die Wirksamkeit von Cefotaxim war signifikant stärker (MHK90 0,01 mg/l). Gegen β-Laktamase bildendeH. influenzae waren dagegen Cefonizid, Cefuroxim und Cefotaxim dem Cefamandol überlegen (MHK90-Werte für Cefonizid 1,0 mg/l; für Cefuroxim 2,0 mg/l; für Cefotaxim 0,01 mg/l und für Cefamandol 5,0 mg/l). Bei 125 der 175 Isolate wurde die Empfindlichkeit gegen Cefonizid und Cefamandol auch im Blättchendiffusionstest bestimmt und für die β-Laktamase-Bildner wurde die Kurve für die Hemmhofdurchmesser gegenüber den MHK-Werten analysiert.

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  1. Division of Infectious Disease, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, and Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, 4800 Sand Point Way N.E., 98105, Seattle, WA, U.S.A.

    J. L. Burns M.D., K. Wong &  A. L. Smith M.D.

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  1. J. L. Burns M.D.
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Burns, J.L., Wong, K. & Smith, A.L. In vitro activity of second and third generation cephalosporins against ampicillin susceptible and resistant haemophilus influenzae. Infection 16, 293–296 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01645075

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