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Detection of cytomegalovirus in bronchial lavage and urine using a monoclonal antibody to an HCMV early nuclear protein

Nachweis von Zytomegalieviren (CMV) in Bronchiallavageflüssigkeit und Urinproben unter Anwendung eines monoklonalen Antikörpers gegen ein CMV “early” Kernprotein

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Summary

Laboratory diagnosis of 24 cases of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, renal transplant recipients and premature infants was achieved. These results were obtained by a rapid, sensitive and versatile HCMV-antigen detection method, which combined cell culture and immunoperoxidase staining with a monoclonal antibody to an HCMV “early” nuclear protein. The results were compared with HCMV isolation by the conventional cell culture method. While some of these immunocompromised patients lacked a significant antibody response, infective HCMV could be detected in the patients' urine and bronchial lavage fluid. The diagnostic procedure took no longer than 24 h. The usefulness of this antigen test for an effective diagnosis in immunocompromised individuals was demonstrated. We recommend routine analysis of various specimens, since recent developments in chemotherapy of HCMV infection and the risks of long-term damage demand immediate management of the patients concerned.

Zusammenfassung

Mit einem schnellen, zuverlässigen und empfindlichen CMV-Antigentest konnten bei 24 Patienten Zytomegalieviren nachgewiesen werden. Das Kollektiv setzt sich aus HIV-infizierten Patienten, Nierentransplantierten und Frühgeborenen zusammen. Der Antigennachweis wurde mit einem Schnelltest durchgeführt, der auf dem Nachweis CMV-spezifischer Kernproteine mittels monoklonalem Antikörper in der Zellkultur beruht. Die beschriebene Methode wurde mit dem herkömmlichen Nachweis von CMV-Antigen in der Zellkultur verglichen. Bei Patienten, die aufgrund ihrer beeinträchtigten Immunitätslage keine eindeutige serologische Reaktion auf eine CMV-Infektion zeigten, konnte das Virus in der Bronchiallavage oder im Urin nachgewiesen werden. Der Test dauert nicht länger als 24 Stunden. Die Brauchbarkeit und Zuverlässigkeit dieses Antigen-Schnelltests für die Diagnose einer CMV-Infektion bei abwehrgeschwächten Patienten konnten belegt werden. Neueste medikamentöse Behandlungsmöglichkeiten der CMV-Infektion und die Risiken von Folgeschäden fordern den verstärkten Einsatz routinemäßiger Antigenuntersuchungen bei unterschiedlichen Probenmaterialien.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Abt. f. Medizinische Virologie, Zentrum der Hygiene der Universität, Paul-Ehrlich-Str. 40, D-6000, Frankfurt a. Main 70

    Ch. Schacherer, W. Braun, Gaby Bauer &  H. -W. Doerr

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  1. Ch. Schacherer
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  2. W. Braun
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  3. Gaby Bauer
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  4. H. -W. Doerr
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Schacherer, C., Braun, W., Bauer, G. et al. Detection of cytomegalovirus in bronchial lavage and urine using a monoclonal antibody to an HCMV early nuclear protein. Infection 16, 288–292 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01645074

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01645074

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