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Murine typhus and spotted fever in israel in the eighties: Retrospective analysis

Muriner Flecktyphus und Fleckfieber in Israel in den 80er Jahren: Retrospektive Analyse

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Summary

One hundred and twenty-one cases of murine typhus and spotted fever in Israel between 1976 and 1985 in the Chaim Sheba Medical Center are reviewed. Clinical manifestations of murine typhus were similar to those described previously, but those of spotted fever were different from classical Mediterranean spotted fever: rash was present in 87% but eschar was noted in only two out of 38 patients. The occurrence of relapse in eight of the 16 patients treated with chloramphenicol (seven cases of murine typhus and one case of spotted fever) was striking, particularly since none occurred in 86 patients treated with tetracycline hydrochloride (p<0.01). Relapses were milder than the primary illness, except for one which did not receive specific therapy and was fatal.

Zusammenfassung

121 Fälle von murinem Flecktyphus und Fleckfieber, die zwischen 1976 und 1985 in Israel auftraten und am Chaim Sheba Medical Center behandelt wurden, wurden ausgewertet. Die klinischen Erscheinungen des murinen Flecktyphus waren mit bisher Beschriebenem vergleichbar; die Fleckfieberfälle unterschieden sich vom klassischen Mittelmeer-Fleckfieber: in 87% der Fälle trat ein Exanthem auf, doch fanden sich Tache-noir-Herde nur bei zwei von 38 Patienten. Bei Patienten, die mit Chloramphenicol behandelt worden waren, war die Rezidivhäufigkeit mit acht von 16 Fällen (sieben Fällen von murinem Flecktyphus und einem Fall von Fleckfieber) auffällig hoch, zumal bei den 86 mit Tetracyclinhydrochlorid behandelten Fällen kein einziger Rückfall auftrat (p<0,01). Mit Ausnahme eines Falles, bei dem eine spezifische Chemotherapie unterlassen wurde und der tödlich endete, nahmen die Rezidive einen leichteren Verlauf als die Primärkrankheit.

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Shaked, Y., Samra, Y., Maeir, M.K. et al. Murine typhus and spotted fever in israel in the eighties: Retrospective analysis. Infection 16, 283–287 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01645073

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