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Screening for chlamydia trachomatis in military personnel by urine testing

Screening auf Chlamydia trachomatis im Urin bei Militärpersonal

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Summary

In order to determine the infection rate ofChlamydia trachomatis in young males in Austria an epidemiological study was performed on 335 male Austrian soldiers attending the military hospital for a health check-up procedure. Three hundred twenty-nine (98.2%) of the screened males were clinically asymptomatic. Chlamydial diagnosis was established by testing first catch urine (FCU). Urine sediment was tested by an enzyme immunosorbent assay (EIA) and by a direct immunofluorescent test (DIF test). Positive results in both tests were defined “true positives.” In 41 (12.2%) of all the 335 soldiers a genital chlamydial infection could be demonstrated by a positive result of the sediment of the FCU in both tests. 93% of the positive results in the DIF test could be confirmed by the EIA whereas only 77% of the positive EIA tests were also positive in the DIF test. Data on genital symptoms and the history of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) as well as information about sexual relationships were available from all persons included in the study and did not differ between chlamydia positive and negative ones. The study demonstrates a high infection rate withC. trachomatis in mostly asymptomatic young males when using FCU for chlamydial diagnosis. Due to the discrepancy between the EIA and the DIF test, positive results of the sediment of FCU in the EIA test should be confirmed by the DIF test to eliminate false positive cases.

Zusammenfassung

Um bei vorwiegend asymptomatischen männlichen Jugendlichen die Infektionsrate mitChlamydia trachomatis zu bestimmen, wurde im Rahmen einer Routinekontrolle in einem Militärspital eine Chlamydienuntersuchung bei insgesamt 335 Soldaten durchgeführt. Neben der Diagnose vonC. trachomatis wurden Daten über klinische Beschwerden, die Zahl früherer genitaler Kontaktinfektionen sowie über das Sexualverhalten der untersuchten Personen erhoben. Die Chlamydiendiagnostik erfolgte durch die Antigenbestimmung des Harnsediments mittels Enzymimmunassay (EIA) und direkter Immunfluoreszenz (DIF). Der Nachweis vonC. trachomatis im Harnsediment war bei 41 (12,2%) Männern durch ein positives Resultat in beiden Testverfahren möglich. 93% der im DIF-Test positiven Ergebnisse stimmten mit jenen im EIA überein, während nur 77% der positiven Resultate des EIA im DIF-Test bestätigt werden konnten. 98,2% der untersuchten Männer waren klinisch asymptomatisch, chlamydien-positive Personen unterschieden sich weder im Sexualverhalten noch in der Zahl früherer Infektionen von jenen mit negativem Chlamydienergebnis. Die erhobenen Daten weisen auf eine hohe Zahl klinisch asymptomatischer Chlamydieninfektionen bei vorwiegend jungen Männern hin. Aufgrund der diskrepanten Ergebnisse positiver Resultate in beiden Testverfahren sollte ein Antigennachweis im EIA aus dem Harnsediment durch den DIF-Test bestätigt werden. Der Nachweis einer Chlamydieninfektion aus dem Harnsediment kann lediglich dann empfohlen werden, wenn die Gewinnung von Patientenmaterial aus dem Urethralsekret nicht möglich ist.

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Stary, A., Heller-Vitouch, C., Müller, I. et al. Screening for chlamydia trachomatis in military personnel by urine testing. Infection 19, 205–207 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01644946

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01644946

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