Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Oral vaccination against enteric bacterial infections: An overview

Orale Impfstoffe gegen enterale Bakterieninfektionen; eine Übersicht

  • Published:
Infection Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

The present situation and the future prospects for the use of oral vaccines against the major enteric diseases typhoid fever, shigellosis and cholera are discussed in this paper. No significant protection could be demonstrated for oral inactivated whole-cell vaccines. In contrast, an oral live vaccine based on the attenuatedSalmonella typhi strain Ty 21a was highly efficacious in volunteer challenge studies and in a controlled field trial. Two attenuated strains are presently being tested in volunteer studies as candidate vaccines against shigellosis; one usesS. typhi Ty 21a and the otherEscherichia coli K-12 as the carrier for shigella antigens. Experimental challenge studies in volunteers showed that recovery from clinical cholera confers solid and long-lasting protection. The goal of present research is to develop a vaccine that mimics the events of clinical cholera without causing disease.

Zusammenfassung

Es werden die gegenwärtigen Möglichkeiten und Aussichten für die Verwendung oraler Impfstoffe gegen die wichtigsten enteralen Bakterieninfektionen Typhus, Dysenterie und Cholera besprochen. Orale Impfstoffe gegen Typhus, bestehend aus inaktivierten Bakterien, sind unwirksam. Demgegenüber erwies sich ein oraler Lebendimpfstoff, basierend auf dem attenuiertenSalmonella typhi Stamm Ty 21a, in klinischen Belastungsversuchen und in Feldversuchen als sehr wirksam. Gegenwärtig werden in Freiwilligen zwei attenuierte Stämme als mögliche Kandidaten für einen Lebendimpfstoff gegen Shigellose getestet; der eine benütztS. typhi Ty 21a und der andereEscherichia coli K-12 als Träger für Shigella Schutzantigene. Belastungsversuche in Freiwilligen haben gezeigt, daß eine überstandene Cholera-Erkrnkung einen guten und langdauernden Schutz hinterläßt. Das Ziel gegenwärtiger Forschung ist, einen Impfstoff zu entwickeln, der möglichst nahe die Ereignisse einer Cholera-Infektion nachahmt, jedoch ohne deren Symptome auszulösen.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

Literature

  1. DuPont, H. L., Hornick, R. B., Snyder, M. J., Dawkins, A. T., Heiner, G. G., Woodward, T. E. Studies of immunity in typhoid fever. Bull. WHO 44 (1971) 667–672.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Chuttani, C. S., Prakash, K., Vergese, A., Sharma, U., Singha, P., Gosh Ray, B. Effectiveness of oral killed typhoid vaccine. Bull. WHO 45 (1971) 445–450.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Chuttani, C. S., Prakash, K., Gupta, P., Grover, V., Kumar, A. Controlled field trial of a high-dose oral killed typhoid vaccine in India. Bull. WHO 55 (1977) 643–644.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Levine, M. M., DuPont, H. L., Hornick, R. B., Snyder, M. J., Woodward, W., Gilman, R. H., Libonati, J. P. Attenuated, streptomycin-dependentSalmonella typhi oral vaccine. J. Infect. Dis. 133 (1976) 424–429.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Germanier, R., Fürer, E. Isolation and characterization ofS. typhi gal E mutant Ty 21a: a candidate strain for a live oral typhoid vaccine. J. Infect. Dis. 131 (1975) 553–558.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Gilman, R. H., Hornick, R. B., Woodward, W. E., DuPont, H. L., Snyder, M. J., Levine, M. M., Libonati, J. P. Evaluation of a UDP-galactose-4-epimeraseless mutant ofSalmonella typhi as a live oral vaccine. J. Infect. Dis. 136 (1977) 717–723.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Wahdan, M. H., Sérié, C., Cerisier, Y., Sallam, S., Germanier, R. A controlled field trial of liveSalmonella typhi strain Ty 21a oral vaccine against typhoid: three-year results. J. Infect. Dis. 145 (1982) 292–295.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Black, R. E., Levine, M. M., Clements, M. L., Ferreccio, C., Rooney, J., Lanata, C., Germanier, R., and the Chilean Typhoid Committee: Efficacy of one or two doses of Ty 21aSalmonella typhi vaccine in enteric-coated capsules during the first year of a field trial in Santiago, Chile. Twenty-third Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Las Vegas, USA, 1983, pp. 1–12.

  9. Formal, S. B., Baron, L. S., Kopecko, D. J., Washington, O., Powell, C., Life, C. A. Construction of a potential bivalent vaccine strain: Introduction ofShigella sonnei Form I antigen genes into the gal ESalmonella typhi Ty 21a typhoid vaccine strain. Infect. Immun. 34 (1981) 746–750.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Sansonetti, P. J., Hale, T. L., Dammin, G. J., Kapfer, C., Collins, H. H., Jr., Formal, S. B. Alterations in the pathogenicity ofEscherichia coli K-12 after transfer of plasmid and chromosomal genes fromShigella flexneri. Infect. Immun. 39 (1983) 1392–1402.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Levine, M. M., Black, R. E., Clements, M. L., Cisneros, L., Nalin, L., Young, C. R. Duration of infection-derived immunity to cholera. J. Infect. Dis. 143 (1981) 818–820.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Levine, M. M., Black, R. E., Clements, M. L., Young, C. R., Lanata, C., Sears, S., Honda, T., Finkelstein, R. Texas Star-SR: AttenuatedVibrio cholerae oral vaccine candidate. Dev. Biol. Stand. 53 (1983) 59–65.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Cash, R. A., Music, S. I., Libonati, J. P., Craig, J. P., Pierce, N. F., Hornick, R. B. Response of man to infection withVibrio cholerae. II. Protection from illness afforded by previous disease and vaccine. J. Infect. Dis. 130 (1974) 325–333.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Germanier, R. Oral vaccination against enteric bacterial infections: An overview. Infection 13 (Suppl 2), S206–S210 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01644432

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01644432

Keywords

Navigation