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Transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV/HTLV-III/LAV): A review

Übertragung des menschlichen Immundefizienz-Virus (HIV/HTLV-III/LAV): Eine Übersicht

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Summary

The literature on the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV/HTLV-III/LAV) is reviewed. HIV spreads by vertical transmission and by iatrogenic transmission (transfer of blood or blood-containing products), by infected needles among i.v. drug users and, more rarely, among health care workers, but mainly by sexual contact. In Western countries the virus is mainly spread by passive anal intercourse among homosexuals and seldom by heterosexual intercourse. In African countries, however, the virus is mainly spread by heterosexual intercourse, probably because of other, concurring sexually transmitted diseases. Some preventive measures are discussed.

Zusammenfassung

Die Literatur zur Übertragung des menschlichen Immundefizienz-Virus (HIV/HTLV-III/LAV) wird in einer Übersicht zusammengefaßt. Die Ausbreitung von HIV erfolgt durch vertikale und iatrogene Übertragung (Transfusion von Blut oder Blutprodukten), bei Drogensüchtigen durch infizierte Nadeln; seltener breitet sich HIV auf Pflegepersonal aus; der Hauptausbreitungsweg erfolgt jedoch durch sexuellen Kontakt. In westlichen Ländern wird das Virus vorwiegend unter Homosexuellen durch passiven analen Verkehr verbreitet, seltener durch heterosexuellen Geschlechtsverkehr, während dies der Hauptausbreitungsweg in afrikanischen Ländern ist. Möglicherweise spielen andere, gleichzeitig bestehende Geschlechtskrankheiten dabei eine begünstigende Rolle. Einige Präventivmaßnahmen werden diskutiert.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. F. Scholtenstraat 15-4, NL-1051 ES, Amsterdam

    M. van der Graaf M.D.

  2. Department of Virology, University Hospital Dijkzigt, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, NL-3015 GD, Rotterdam

    R. J. A. Diepersloot M.D.

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  1. M. van der Graaf M.D.
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van der Graaf, M., Diepersloot, R.J.A. Transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV/HTLV-III/LAV): A review. Infection 14, 203–211 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01644263

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