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A review of the use of cefotaxime in the treatment of skin and skin structure infections, with special reference to gram-positive pathogens

Cefotaxim zur Behandlung bakterieller Infektionen der Haut und Hautstrukturen mit besonderer Berücksichtigung gram-positiver Erreger

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Summary

Data compiled from computer-generated summaries of patient records submitted to Hoechst-Roussel Pharmaceuticals were reviewed regarding the efficacy and toxicity of cefotaxime in the therapy of skin and skin structure infections associated with gram-positive pathogens. In addition, published open and comparative trials employing cefotaxime in gram-positive and gram-negative skin infections were evaluated with respect to the pathogens isolated and the nature, severity and bacteriological and clinical outcome of the treated infections. Within the limitations of the data reviewed, cefotaxime appeared to be a safe and effective therapy in greater than 90% of infections including cellulitis, abscesses and necrotizing ulcers of the skin and subcutaneous tissues when associated with the isolation of susceptible gram-negative bacilli, methicillin-susceptibleStaphylococcus aureus, or aerobic or anaerobic gram-positive pathogens susceptible to aqueous penicillin G. The data would indicate that cefotaxime is a suitable therapy for patients with presumed polymicrobial, non-crepitant infections of the skin or skin structures pending microbiological studies. However, cefotaxime cannot be recommended for similar infections due to organisms such as methicillin-resistantS. aureus orPseudomonas aeruginosa that are commonly resistant to cefotaximein vitro. Data regarding skin and skin structure infections associated withClostridium spp. and enterococcal group D streptococci are either lacking or inconclusive with respect to the utility of cefotaxime.

Zusammenfassung

Daten aus Computer-erstellten Zusammenfassungen von Krankengeschichten, die bei Hoechst-Roussel Pharma eingereicht wurden, wurden bezüglich Wirksamkeit und Toxizität von Cefotaxim bei gram-positiven Infektionen der Haut und Hautstrukturen geprüft. Außerdem wurden publizierte offene und vergleichende Studien zur Cefotaximtherapie gram-positiver und gram-negativer Hautinfektionen im Hinblick auf die isolierten Erreger, Art und Schweregrad der Infektion und bakteriologischen und klinischen Behandlungserfolg ausgewertet. Unter Berücksichtigung der Grenzen der verfügbaren Daten wurde Cefotaxim als sicheres Therapeutikum beurteilt, das bei mehr als 90% der Infektionen einschließlich Cellulitis, Abszessen und nekrotisierten Ulzera der Haut und der Subkutis erfolgreich eingesetzt wurde, wenn es sich bei den isolierten kausalen Erregern um empfindliche gram-negative Bakterien, Methicillin-empfindlicheStaphylococcus aureus-Stämme oder aerobe oder anaerobe gram-positive Bakterien handelte, die gegen wäßriges Penicillin G empfindlich waren. Nach den verfügbaren Daten kann angenommen werden, daß auch polymikrobielle Infektionen der Haut und ihrer zugehörigen Strukturen mit Cefotaxim behandelt werden können, wenn der mikrobiologische Befund noch nicht vorliegt; ausgenommen sind knisternde Infektionen der Haut. Cefotaxim kann jedoch nicht für Infektionen empfohlen werden, die durch Methicillin-resistente Stämme vonS. aureus oder durchPseudomonas aeruginosa verursacht sind, welchein vitro in der Regel gegen Cefotaxim resistent sind. Zu Infektionen der Haut durchClostridium spp. oder durch zu den Enterokokken gehörende Streptokokken der Gruppe D sind entweder keine Daten verfügbar oder die Angaben lassen keine Schlüsse über den Nutzen von Cefotaxim bei diesen Infektionen zu.

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Karakusis, P.H., Trenholme, G.M. & Levin, S. A review of the use of cefotaxime in the treatment of skin and skin structure infections, with special reference to gram-positive pathogens. Infection 13 (Suppl 1), S46–S49 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01644218

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