Skip to main content
Log in

Bactericidal or bacteristatic effects of two sulphonamide plus trimethoprim preparations in human urine

Bakterizide und bakteriostatische Wirkung von zwei Sulfonamid-Trimethoprim-Präparaten im menschlichen Urin

  • Published:
Infection Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

Urine collections were made by ten volunteers taking cotrimoxazole and a sulphamoxole/trimethoprim combination on a cross-over basis. The latter was given in approximately half the dose of cotrimoxazole. Following collection of urine and its sterile filtration, the trimethoprim and sulphonamide concentrations were estimated. The urines were then inoculated with various species ofEnterobacteriaceae whose minimum inhibitory concentrations had been previously determined. The viable counts in these urines were followed for 24 hours and from these the times to kill 90% of bacteria were calculated. These were very reproducible for any one experiment but showed no correlation with drug concentration, source of the urine or organism sensitivity, except for one organism which had high resistance to both sulphonamide and trimethoprim. When the organism was sensitive to at least trimethoprim a slow bactericidal effect was generally seen with either combination. We concluded that in this type of experiment the higher dosed combination showed no advantage contrary to a previous report, but in agreement with another. This brings into question the current dosage regime of cotrimoxazole when used to treat urinary tract infections in that its higher dosage over certain other sulphonamide/trimethoprim combinations appears to confer no advantage in our experiments.

Zusammenfassung

Sammelurine wurden von zehn freiwilligen Versuchspersonen gewonnen, die auf der Basis einer cross-over-Studie Co-Trimoxazol und eine Sulphamoxol/Trimethoprim-Kombination einnahmen. Letzteres wurde in annähernd der halben in Co-Trimoxazol enthaltenen Dosis verabreicht. Nach steriler Filtration wurde in den gesammelten Urinen die Trimethoprim-und Sulfonamid-Konzentration bestimmt. Die Urine wurden mit verschiedenenEnterobacteriaceae species inokuliert, deren minimale Hemmkonzentrationen vorher bestimmt worden waren. Die Anzahl lebender Keime wurde in diesen Urinen über 24 Stunden verfolgt und daraus wurden die Zeiten bis zur Abtötung von 90% der Bakterien berechnet. Diese Zeiten waren in jedem Experiment gut reproduzierbar, aber sie zeigten keine Korrelation zur Konzentration der Medikamente, zur Versuchsperson oder der Empfindlichkeit des Erregers mit Ausnahme von einem Organismus, der eine sehr hohe Resistenz sowohl gegenüber der Sulfonamide als auch gegenüber Trimethoprim hatte. Wenn der Organismus zumindest gegenüber Trimethoprim empfindlich war, dann wurde im allgemeinen mit jeder der Kombinationen ein langsamer bakterizider Effekt gesehen. Wir schlossen daraus, daß in dieser Versuchsanordnung die höher dosierte Kombination keinen Vorteil aufwies, was im Gegensatz zu einem früheren Bericht steht, jedoch mit einem anderen übereinstimmt. Damit wird das derzeit übliche Dosisregime von Co-Trimoxazol zur Behandlung von Harnwegsinfektionen insofern in Frage gestellt, als seine höhere Dosierung gegenüber bestimmten anderen Sulfonamid/Trimethoprim-Kombinationen in unseren Experimenten keinen Vorteil zu bringen scheint.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

Literature

  1. Lewis, E. L., Anderson, J. D., Lacey, R. W. A reappraisal of the antibacterial action of cotrimoxazole in vitro. J. Clin. Pathol. 21 (1974) 87–91.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Böhni, E. Bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity of two trimethoprim sulphonamide combinations. Chemotherapy 22 (1976) 262–273.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Schwartz, D. E., Koechlin, B. A., Weinfeld, R. E. Spectrofluorimetric method for the determination of trimethoprim in body fluids. Chemotherapy Suppl. 14 (1969) 22–29.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Reider, J. Quantitative determination of the bacteriostatically active fractions of sulphonamides and the sum of their inactive metabolites in the body fluids. Chemotherapy 17 (1972) 1–21.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Reeves, D. S., Thomas, A. L., Wise, R., Blacklock, N. J., Soul, J. O. Lack of homogeneity of bladder urine. Lancet 2 (1974) 1258–1259.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Koch, A. E., Burchall, J. J. Reversal of the antimicrobial activity of trimethoprim by thymidine in commercially prepared media. Appl. Microbiol. 22 (1971) 812–817.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Aymes, S. G. B., Smith, J. T. Trimethoprim sensitivity testing and thyminelus mutants. J. Med. Microbiol. 7 (1974) 143–153.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Stokes, A., Lacey, R. W. Effect of thymidine on activity of trimethoprim and sulphamethoxazole. J. Clin. Pathol. 31 (1978) 165–171.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Aymes, S. G. B., Smith, J. T. Trimethoprim action and its analogy with thymine starvation. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 5 (1974) 169–178.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Aymes, S. G. B., Smith, J. T. Trimethoprim antagonists: effect of uridine on thymine and thymidine uptake in mineral salts medium. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 4 (1978) 415–419.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Aymes, S. G. B., Smith, J. T. Antagonism in sulphonamide sensitivity testing. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. December supplement Vol. 28 (1976) 52.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Broughall, J.M., Bywater, M.J., Holt, H.A. et al. Bactericidal or bacteristatic effects of two sulphonamide plus trimethoprim preparations in human urine. Infection 7, 113–118 (1979). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01641309

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01641309

Keywords

Navigation