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The course of cryptococcal capsular polysaccharide antigenemia/human cryptococcal polysaccharide elimination kinetics

Der Verlauf der Antigenämie von Cryptococcus Kapselpolysaccharid-Eliminationskinetik von Cryptococcus-Polysaccharid beim Menschen

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Summary

The detection of cryptococcal polysaccharides in the serum is diagnostic of cryptococcosis in the absence of rheumatoid factor. The significance of the continued detection of this antigen in the serum during antifungal therapy is not known. Prolonged anti-genemia might indicate ongoing active infection, delayed clearance of the polysaccharides from the blood, or continued release of the polysaccharide antigens from a reservoir of nonviable organisms. In seven cases of cryptococcosis with prolonged and high levels of cryptococcal polysaccharide antigenemia, the courses of antigenemia were determined. During the convalescent phase, the T1/2's were approximately 48 hours for the antigen clearance in all the cases studied. The polysaccharide antigens recovered from the serum of one patient had molecular weights of greater than 200,000 daltons. In rabbits, a single intravenous injection of cryptococcal capsular polysaccharides showed a similarly slow clearance of the antigen with a T1/2 of approximately 24 to 48 hours. These data suggest that adequately treated cases of cryptococcosis may have a predictable rate of antigen clearance from the serum during convalescence.

Zusammenfassung

Der Nachweis von Cryptococcus-Polysacchariden im Serum sichert — sofern kein Rheumafaktor vorliegt — die Diagnose der Kryptokokkose. Es ist nicht bekannt, welche Bedeutung der Persistenz dieses Antigens im Serum unter der Therapie mit einem Antimykotikum zukommt. Eine prolongierte Antigenämie könnte das Zeichen für eine fortschreitende aktive Infektion, für die verzögerte Elimination der Polysaccharide aus dem Blut oder für eine anhaltende Freisetzung von Polysaccharidantigen aus einem Reservoir nicht lebensfähiger Organismen sein. Der Verlauf der Antigenämie wurde bei sieben Fällen von lange anhaltenden hohen Spiegeln von Cryptococcus-Polysaccharidantigen im Blut bestimmt. Während der Rekonvaleszenz betrug T1/2 für die Antigenclearance in allen untersuchten Fällen etwa 48 Stunden. Die im Serum eines Patienten nachgewiesenen Polysacharidantigene hatten Molekulargewichte von über 200 000 Dalton. Bei Kaninchen war nach der intravenösen Injektion einer Einzeldosis von Cryptococcus-Kapselpolysaccharid eine ähnlich langsame Antigenclearance mit einer T1/2 von 24–48 Stunden nachzuweisen. Daraus läßt sich schließen, daß adäquat behandelte Fälle von Kryptokokkose während der Erholungsphase eine vorausbestimmbare Serum-Antigenclearance haben.

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Eng, R., Chmel, H., Corrado, M. et al. The course of cryptococcal capsular polysaccharide antigenemia/human cryptococcal polysaccharide elimination kinetics. Infection 11, 132–136 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01641291

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