Summary
SinceDuguid andGuilles first described the ability of piliated bacteria to bind to leukocytes, much has been learned about the nature of this interaction. Mannose-sensitive (MS) pili bind to specific mannosecontaining receptors on the leukocyte surface. While MS pili are responsible for attachment, the relative hydrophobicity of the bacterial surface determines whether the organism is internalized. Both binding and ingestion trigger the leukocyte to respond with degranulation and enhanced oxidative activity. The response to piliated bacteria, however, is delayed as compared to bacteria opsonized with serum, which may account for the reduced bactericidal activity associated with pilimediated phagocytosis. A number of factors appear to influence the significance of pili-mediated phagocytosisin vivo. These include natural selective pressures in the host tissue, the ability of the organism to undergo pili phase transition and the presence of serum or other host opsonic factors. Antipili antibody does not enhance leukocyte killing of MS+Escherichia coli, but does stimulate leukocyte metabolic activity. Antipili antibody may, therefore, have an adverse effect on the infectious process by promoting the extracellular release of inflammatory material from the granulocyte.
Zusammenfassung
Duguid undGuilles haben erstmals beschrieben, daß sich Pili-tragende Bakterien an Leukozyten binden können. Seitdem ist das Wissen über die Art dieser Interaktion wesentlich erweitert worden. Mannose-sensitive (MS) Pili binden sich an spezifische, Mannose-haltige Rezeptoren der Leukozytenoberfläche. Während MS-Pili für das Anheften verantwortlich sind, wird durch die relative Hydrophobizität der Bakterienoberfläche bestimmt, ob der Organismus aufgenommen wird. Sowohl Bindung als auch Ingestion lösen im Leukozyten eine Reaktion mit Degranulation und erhöhter oxydativer Aktivität aus. Verglichen mit durch Serum opsonierten Bakterien tritt diese Reaktion auf Pili-tragenden Bakterien jedoch verspätet ein; dies ist möglicherweise für die verminderte bakterizide-Aktivität bei Pili-vermittelter Phagozytose verantwortlich. DieIn vivo-Bedeutung der Pili-vermittelten Phagozytose wird offensichtlich durch eine Reihe von Faktoren bestimmt, unter anderem durch den natürlichen Selektionsdruck im Gewebe, die Fähigkeit des Bakteriums zum Pili-Phasenwechsel und die Anwesenheit von Serum oder anderen opsonierenden Faktoren des Wirtes. Antikörper gegen Pili verstärken die Abtötung von MS+Escherichia coli nicht, doch sie stimulieren die metabolische Leukozytenaktivität. Es ist daher möglich, daß Antikörper gegen Pili durch Förderung der extrazellulären Freisetzung entzündlicher Substanzen aus den Granulozyten einen ungünstigen Einfluß auf den Entzündungsprozeß haben.
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Silverblatt, F.J., Ofek, I. Interaction of bacterial pili and leukocytes. Infection 11, 235–238 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01641208
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01641208