Summary
An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used with purified α-toxin and teichoic acid preparations to measure the IgG and IgM response inStaphylococcus aureus infections. After determining antibodies in a normal population, cut-off levels were set for all age groups. ELISA with α-toxin was more sensitive than the antistaphylolysin neutralization test (ASTA). Determining IgM antibodies with the two antigens was found to be of limited diagnostic value. Positive IgG titers against α-toxin were found in 21 of 27 patients (78%) with endocarditis, 11 of 14 (79%) with complicated septicemia, eight of 20 (40%) with uncomplicated septicemia and in 12 of 22 (54%) with chronic osteomyelitis. The IgG responses to teichoic acid and α-toxin were somewhat different when measured by ELISA, and the parallel performance of the two assays resulted in improved serological diagnostics. The number of positive patients increased to 89%, 86%, 65% and 64%, respectively, in the four groups with a diagnostic specificity of 93%. In septicemic staphylococcal infections, the diagnosis could be established in all patients (28 of 28) with adequately spaced paired samples.
Zusammenfassung
Zur Bestimmung der IgG-und IgM-Antwort bei Infektionen durchStaphylococcus aureus wurde ein Enzym-gebundener Immunsorbent-Test (ELISA) mit gereinigtem α-Toxin und Teichonsäure eingesetzt. Nach Bestimmung der Antikörper bei Normalpersonen wurden für alle Altersgruppen Grenzwerte festgelegt. ELISA mit α-Toxin war empfindlicher als der Antistaphylolysin-Neutralisationstest (ASTA). Die Bestimmung der IgM-Antikörper mit den beiden Antigenen war nur von beschränktem diagnostischen Wert. Die Titerbestimmung von IgG gegen α-Toxin war bei 21 von 27 Patienten mit Endokarditis (78%). 11 von 14 Patienten mit komplizierter Septikämie (79%), acht von 20 Patienten mit unkomplizierter Septikämie (40%) und bei 12 von 22 Patienten mit chronischer Osteomyelitis (54%) positiv. Die mit ELISA bestimmte IgG-Antwort auf Teichonsäure und α-Toxin wich von diesen Werten etwas ab; bei parallelem Einsatz beider Assays ließ sich die serologische Diagnostik verbessern. Der Prozentsatz positiver Fälle erhöhte sich in den vier Gruppen auf 89%, 86%, 65% und 64% bei einer diagnostischen Spezifität von 93%. Staphylokokkeninfektionen mit septischem Verlauf konnten bei Abnahme gepaarter Proben in angemessenem Abstand bei allen Patienten (28 von 28) diagnostiziert werden.
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Julander, I.G., Granström, M., Hedström, S.Å. et al. The role of antibodies against alpha-toxin and teichoic acid in the diagnosis of staphylococcal infections. Infection 11, 77–83 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01641071
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01641071