Summary
Thein vitro activities of piperacillin, azlocillin, mezlocillin, sulbenicillin and ticarcillin were compared with those of carbenicillin using 88 clinical isolates ofPseudomonas aeruginosa. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) were determined by standard techniques. The MIC for 90% of the strains was 7.5 mg/l for piperacillin, 10.0 mg/l for azlocillin, 26.5 mg/l for mezlocillin, 48.4 mg/l for sulbenicillin, 50.0 mg/l for ticarcillin and more than 100 mg/l for carbenicillin. The MBC/MIC ratio was 1.3 for piperacillin, 1.9 for ticarcillin, 2.1 for sulbenicillin, 3.3 for mezlocillin and 4.5 for azlocillin. The susceptibilities of the same strains to four aminoglycosides were tested. The MIC for 90% of the strains was 0.3 mg/l for sisomicin and tobramycin, 1.5 mg/l for amikacin, and 2.2 mg/l for gentamicin. The effect of combining piperacillin, azlocillin and mezlocillin with gentamicin, tobramycin, sisomicin and amikacin was studied using checkerboard titration. The highest degrees of synergy were found with the combinations of piperacillin and an aminoglycoside. Strong potentiation was observed in 85% of the strains with piperacillin — sisomicin and in 50% with piperacillin — gentamicin. The synergistic effects of azlocillin and mezlocillin in combination with an aminoglycoside (observed in 30–65% of the strains) were for the most part moderate or slight. No antagonism was observed.
Zusammenfassung
Die antibakterielleIn-vitro-Wirkung von Piperacillin, Azlocillin, Mezlocillin, Sulbenicillin und Ticarcillin wurde bei 88 klinischen Isolaten vonPseudomonas aeruginosa mit der von Carbenicillin verglichen. Die minimalen Hemmkonzentrationen (MHK) und minimalen bakteriziden Konzentrationen (MBK) wurden bestimmt. Die MHK gegen 90% der Stämme waren: Piperacillin 7,5 mg/l, Azlocillin 10,0 mg/l, Mezlocillin 26,5 mg/l, Sulbenicillin 48,4 mg/l, Ticarcillin 50,0 mg/l und Carbenicillin über 100 mg/l. Die MHK/MBK-Ratio für Piperacillin war 1,3, für Ticarcillin 1,9, für Sulbenicillin 2,1, für Mezlocillin 3,3 und für Azlocillin 4,5. Dieselben Stämme wurden auf ihre Empfindlichkeit gegenüber vier Aminoglykosiden getestet. Die MHK für 90% der Stämme war: Sisomicin und Tobramycin 0,3 mg/l, Amikacin 1,5 mg/l und Gentamicin 2,2 mg/l. Mittels der „checkerboard dilution technique“ wurde die Kombinationswirkung von Azlocillin, Mezlocillin und Piperacillin mit Gentamicin, Tobramycin, Sisomicin und Amikacin festgestellt. Die stärkste synergistische Wirkung wiesen Kombinationen von Piperacillin mit einem Aminoglykosid auf. Die Kombination Piperacillin-Sisomicin zeigte für 85% der Stämme und die Kombination Piperacillin-Gentamicin für 50% der Stämme eine starke synergistische Wirkung. Ein Synergismus von Azlocillin und Mezlocillin mit Aminoglykosiden wurde bei 30–65% der Stämme beobachtet; er war in den meisten Fällen mäßig oder schwach ausgeprägt. Ein Antagonismus wurde nicht beobachtet.
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Hoogkamp-Korstanje, J.A.A., Westerdaal, N.A.C. Activity and synergy of ureido penicillins and aminoglycosides against pseudomonas aeruginosa. Infection 10 (Suppl 3), S257–S261 (1982). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01640684
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01640684