Summary
A female Pied Flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca) built over a Coal Tits' (Parus ater) nest containing five chicks. Nevertheless, the nestlings survived on account of their parents' feedings, and because they were probably lifted up in the nest-box sitting on top of the material brought into the box by the flycatcher-♀. After nest-completion the Pied Flycatcher-♀ layed four eggs, but refused breeding. Instead, and probably due to the intense begging of the five Coal Tit chicks, the Flycatcher-pair immediatly started to rear “its” young. Based on the good care the chicks were given by their parents and foster-parents they came along nicely and fledged some days later.
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Dieter, Hoffmann, U. & Rost, R. Gemeinsame Aufzucht von fünf jungen Tannenmeisen (Parus ater) durch Trauerschnäpper (Ficedula hypoleuca) und Tannenmeisen. J Ornithol 132, 439–440 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01640383
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01640383