Summary
This study deals with the appearance, function and pathophysiological action of the lingual venous valve in the design of surgical tongue flaps and in analyzing inspection of the tongue. Thirty two adult cadavers were studied, of which 7 were corrosive cast specimens. The lingual v. is well supplied with venous valves which may be divided into 3 types morphologically: hemispherical, spherical, and hanging spherical. Venous valves are classified according to their structures: bivalves, monovalves, and venous cristae. The abundant venous valves of the tongue effectively prevent reflux of blood. Various factors that influence venous blood reflux in the head and neck can be observed, analysed and judged by inspection of the tongue; the design of the pedicle and the anastomotic position of tongue flap should comply with the positions and orientations of its venous valves.
Résumé
La morphologie, la fonction et l'action physiopathologique des valves veineuses linguales ont étét étudiées, ainsi que leurs applications dans la construction des lambeaux linguaux et dans l'analyse de l'inspection des vaisseaux linguaux. Trente deux cadavres ont été analysés, dont 7 pièces d'injection-corrosion. La v. linguale est riche en valves, qui peuvent être classées en trois types morphologiques: hémisphériques, sphériques et en sphère pendante. Les valves veineuses sont également classées selon leur structure: bivalves, mono valves et crêtes veineuses. Les valves veineuses abondantes préviennent efficacement le reflux sanguin. Plusieurs facteurs favorisant le reflux dans les veines de la tête et du cou peuvent être observés et analysés par la simple inspection de la langue; le dessin du pédicule et la position anatomique des lambeaux linguaux doit prendre en considération la position et l'orientation de ces valves veineuses.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bracka A (1981) The blood supply of dorsal tongue flaps. Br J Plast Surg 34: 379–384
Carlesso J (1980) Hemi-tongue flaps. Plast Reconst Surg 66: 574–577
Carreirao S, Lessa S (1980) Tongue flaps and the closing of large fistulas of the hard palate. Ann Plast Surg 4: 182–185
Chevrel JP, Fontaine C (1996) Anatomie clinique: Tête et cou. La cavité orale. Springer-Verlag Paris, pp 87–103
John V, Basmajian (1980) The tongue. In: Grant's Method of Anatomy. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore London 10: 514–516
Parkash S (1980) Tongue flaps-turntable and a two-stage forked flaps in primary reconstruction after excision of oral carcinomas. Plast Reconst Surg 65: 580–584
Williams PL, Warwick R, Dyson M (1989) Veins of the neck. In: Gray's Anatomy. Churchill Livingstone, London New York 37: 795–797
Steinhauser EW (1982) Experience with dorsal tongue flaps for closure of defects of the hard palate. J Oral Maxillofic Surg 40: 787–789
Wang Qihua, WuSiqi Huang Zhaolin (1994) Applied anatomical study on vascular structure of tongue. Anat Bull 16: 77–79
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Fund
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Shangkuan, H., Xinghai, W., Shizhen, Z. et al. A morphological study on human lingual venous valves. Surg Radiol Anat 20, 167–170 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01628890
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01628890