Summary
The external jugular v. (EJV) is increasingly being used for therapeutic procedures and monitoring by clinicians. In view of this clinical relevance, dissection was done on the head and neck regions in 40 adult cadavers of Indian origin to detect variations of the EJV. Though several patterns of tributaries were found, a facial v. (FV) of considerable size was observed coursing obliguely to join the EJV in the neck in four cases (5%). The distance of the junction of the FV and the EJV from the angle of the mandible ranged between 55 and 104 mm. This may represent a persistent communication of the primitive linguofacial v. with the secondarily developing EJV. This anastomotic channel is present for some time in the fetus but later undergoes retrogression. Its persistence in some individuals results in this variation.
Résumé
La v. jugulaire externe (VJE) est de plus en plus utilisée par les cliniciens comme voie d'abord thérapeutique ou de monitorage. Dans la perspective de l'utilisation clinique de la VJE, des dissections ont été réalisées sur 80 régions cervico-céphaliques de 40 sujets adultes d'origine indienne. Bien que plusieurs exemples d'affluents aient été retrouvés, une v. faciale (VF) de taille considérable a été observée, descendant obliquement pour rejoindre la VJE dans le cou. Nous l'avons retrouvé dans quatre cas (5 %).
La distance séparant l'angle de la mandibule et le confluent entre la VF et la VJE varie de 55 mm à 104 mm. La VF pourrait être la voie de communication persistante depuis la v. primitive linguo-faciale jusqu'à la VJE de développement secondaire. Ce canal anastomotique est présent durant quelque temps chez le foetus. Il regresse ensuite. Il peut ne pas involuer chez certains individus, sa persistence étant à l'origine de cette variation.
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Choudhry, R., Tuli, A. & Choudhry, S. Facial vein terminating in the external jugular vein. Surg Radiol Anat 19, 73–77 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01628128
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01628128