Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Magnitude and determinants of premenopausal bone loss

  • Published:
Osteoporosis International Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Bone loss prior to menopause may contribute to a woman's risk for fracture due to osteoporosis later in life. Most, but not all, longitudinal and cross-sectional studies suggest that bone mass decreases prior to menopause. This bone loss may be prevented by calcium supplementation. Heredity, exercise and menstrual status also have an impact on bone mass. Prevention of bone loss prior to menopause will allow women to enter menopause with a greater bone mass reducing their risk of subsequent fracture.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Heaney RP. Nutritional factors in osteoporosis. Annu Rev Nutr 1993;13:287–316.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Nilas L, Christiansen C. Bone mass and its relationship to age and the menopause. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1987;65:697–702.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Buchanan JR, Myers C, Lloyd T, et al. Early vertebral trabecular bone loss in normal premenopausal women. J Bone Miner Res 1988;3:583–7.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Gilsanz V, Gibbens DT, Carlson M, et al. Peak trabecular vertebral density: a comparison of adolescent and adult females. Calcif Tissue Int 1988;43:260–2.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Hedlund LR, Gallagher JC. The effect of age and menopause on bone mineral density of the proximal femur. J Bone Miner Res 1989;4:639–42.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Rodin A, Murby B, Smith A, et al. Premenopausal bone loss in the lumbar spine and neck of femur: a study of 225 Caucasian women. Bone 1990;11:1–5.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Mazess RB, Barden HS. Bone density in premenopausal women: effects of age, dietary intake, physical activity, smoking, and birth control pills. Am J Clin Nutr 1991;53:132–42.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Duppe H, Bardsell P, Johnell 0, et al. Bone mineral content in women: trends of change. Osteoporosis Int 1992;2:262–5.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Kroger H, Heikkinene J, Laitinen K, et al. Dual energy X-ray absorp-tiometry in normal women: a cross-sectional study of 717 Finnish volunteers. Osteoporosis Int 1992;2:135–40.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Recker RR, Davies M, Hinders SM, et al. Bone gain in young adult women. JAMA 1992;268:2403–6.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Sowers MR, Clark MK, Hollis B, et al. Radial bone mineral density in pre- and perimenopausal women: a prospective study of rates and risk factor for loss. J Bone Miner Res 1992;7:647–57.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Baran D, Sorensen A, Grimes J, et al. Dietary modification with dairy products for preventing vertebral bone loss in premenopausal women: a three-year prospective study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1990;70:264–270.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Smith EL, Gilligan C, Smith PE, et al. Calcium supplementation and bone loss. Am J Clin Nutr 1989;50:833–42.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Riggs BL, Wahner HW, Dunn WL, et al. Differential changes in bone mineral density of the appendicular and axial skeleton with aging: relationship to spinal osteoporosis. J Clin Invest 1981;67:328–35.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Riggs BL, Wahner HW, Melton LJ III, et al. Rates of bone loss in the appendicular and axial skeleton of women: evidence of substantial vertebral bone loss before menopause. J Clin Invest 1986;77:1487–91.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Recker RR, Lappe JM, Davies KM, et al. Change in bone mass immediately before menopause. J Bone Miner Res 1992;7:857–62.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Johnston CC Jr, Miller JZ, Slemenda CW, et al. Calcium supplementation and increases in bone mineral density in children. N Engl J Med 1992;327:82–7.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Lloyd T, Andon MB, Rollings N, et al. Calcium supplementation and bone mineral density in adolescent girls. JAMA 1993;270:841–4.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Kanders B, Dempster DW, Lindsay R, et al. Interaction of calcium nutrition and physical activity on bone mass in young women. J Bone Miner Res 1988;3:145–9.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Picard D, Ste-Marie LG, Coutu D, et al. Premenopausal bone mineral content relates to height, weight, and calcium intake during early adulthood. Bone Miner 1988;4:299–309.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Cauley JA, Gutai JP, Kuller LH, et al. Endogenous estrogen levels and calcium intakes in postmenopausal women: relationships with cortical bone measures. JAMA 1988;260:3150–5.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Sandier RB, Slemenda CW, LaPorte RE, et al. Postmenopausal bone density and milk consumption in childhood and adolescence. Am J Clin Nutr 1985;42:270–4.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Bauer DC, Browner WS, Cauley JA, et al. Factors associated with appendicular bone mass in older women. Ann Intern Med 1993;118:657–65.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Riggs BL, Wahner HW, Melton LJ III, et al. Dietary calcium intake and rates of bone loss in women. J Clin Invest 1987;80:979–82.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Tilyard MW, Spears GFS, Thomson J, et al. Treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis with calcitriol or calcium. N Engl J Med 1992;326:357–62.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Chapuy MC, Arlot ME, Duboeuf F, et al. Vitamin D3 and calcium to prevent hip fractures in elderly women. N Engl J Med 1992;327:1637–42.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Lukert B, Higgins J, Stoskop JM. Menopausal bone loss is partially regulated by dietary intake of vitamin D. Calcif Tissue Int 1992;51:173–9.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Krall EA, Dawson-Hughes B. Heritable and life-style determinants of bone mineral density. J Bone Miner Res 1993;8:1–9.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Gutin B, Kasper MJ. Can vigorous exercise play a role in osteoporosis prevention? A review. Osteoporosis Int 1992;2:55–69.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Drinkwater BL. Exercise in the prevention of osteoporosis. Osteoporosis Int 1993;1 (Suppl):S169–71.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Gleeson PB, Protas EJ, LeBlanc A, et al. Effects of weight lifting on bone mineral density in premenopausal women. J Bone Miner Res 1990;5:153–8.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Rockwell JC, Sorensen AM, Baker S, et al. Weight training decreases vertebral bone density in premenopausal women: a prospective study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1990;71:988–93.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Snow-Harter C, Bouxsein ML, Lewis BT, et al. Effects of resistance and endurance exercise on bone mineral status of young women: a randomized exercise intervention trial. J Bone Miner Res 1992;7:761–9.

    Google Scholar 

  34. Drinkwater BL, Nilson K, Chesnut CH III. Bone mineral content of amenorrheic and eumenorrheic athletes. N Engl J Med 1994;311:277–81.

    Google Scholar 

  35. Drinkwater BL, Nilson K, Ott S, et al. Bone mineral density after resumption of menses in amenorrheic athletes. JAMA 1986;256:380–2.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Drinkwater BL, Bruemmer B, Chesnut CH III. Menstrual history as a determinant of current bone density in young athletes. JAMA 1990;263:545–8.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Wolman RL, Clark P, McNally E, et al. Menstrual state and exercise as determinants of spinal trabecular bone density in female athletes. BMJ 1990;301:516–8.

    Google Scholar 

  38. Prior JC, Vigna YM, Schechter MT, et al. Spinal bone loss and ovulatory disturbances. N Engl J Med 1990;323:1221–7.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Baran, D.T. Magnitude and determinants of premenopausal bone loss. Osteoporosis Int 4 (Suppl 1), S31–S34 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01623432

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01623432

Keywords

Navigation