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Effect of dietary canola oil and its degree of oxidation on exocrine pancreatic secretions in growing pigs

Untersuchungen am Modelltier Schwein zum Einfluß von unterschiedlich oxidiertem Rapsöl auf die exokrine Pankreassekretion

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Summary

Four barrows, average initial weight 35 kg, were fitted with permanent pancreatic re-entrant cannulas and used to determine the effect of level and quality of dietary fat on exocrine pancreatic secretions. The pigs were fed four corn starch-based diets that contained 15 % crude protein from isolated soy protein. Diet 1 contained no canola oil (C-0); diet 2, 15 % canola oil (C-15); diet 3, 15 % canola oil that was heated under vacuum at 180° C for 12 h (C-15/12); diet 4, 15 % canola oil that was heated under vacuum at 180° C for 24 h (C-15/24). Heat treatment resulted in a 4- to 5-fold increase in the content of malonaldehyde which is derived from the oxidation of fatty acids and which is closely related to odour and rancidity in lipids. The experiment was carried out according to a 4×4 Latin square design. The pigs were fed twice daily, at 08:00 and 20:00 h, 900 g each meal. Following an adaptation period of 7 d, pancreatic juice was collected continuously for 24 h at 2-h intervals from 08:00 on d 8 until 08:00 on d 9 and from 08:00 on d 10 until 08:00 on d 11 during each experimental period. The volume of secretion of pancreatic juice peaked 6–10 h postprandially and was similar (P>.05) during day (08:00–20:00 h) and night (20:00–08:00 h). Replacement of 15 % starch by 15 % canola oil resulted in a decrease (P<.05) in the secretion of α-amylase and an increase (P<.05) in the secretion of lipase. The inclusion of oxidized fat caused a further increase (P<.05) in total lipase activities. It can be concluded that the exocrine pancreas is able to adapt to variations in the level and quality of dietary lipids.

Zusammenfassung

Vier Börge mit einem mittleren Anfangsgewicht von 35 kg wurden mit permanenten Pankreas-Umleitungskanülen versehen, um den Einfluß von Fettmenge und -qualität auf die exokrine Pankreassekretion zu untersuchen. Die Tiere erhielten synthetische Rationen auf der Grundlage von Maisstärke und Sojaproteinisolat mit einem Rohproteingehalt von 15 %. Ration C-0 enthielt kein Rapsöl, während die übrigen drei Rationen 15 % Rapsöl im Austausch gegen Maisstärke enthielten, und zwar frisches Rapsöl (Ration C-15) oder unter Vakuum bei 180° C über einen Zeitraum von 12 h (Ration C-15/12) bzw. 24 h (Ration C-15/24) erhitzt. Die Versuchsanordnung entsprach einem 4×4 Lateinischen Quadrat. Die Diäten wurden in zwei Mahlzeiten (900 g um 08:00 und 20:00 h) verabreicht. Nach einer Adaptationsphase von 7 d wurde das Pankreassekret kontinuierlich in 2-h-Intervallen in zwei zeitlich voneinander getrennten Sammelperioden über jeweils 24 h quantitativ erfaßt. Das Maximum der Volumensekretion ergab sich 6–10 h postprandial; die Volumensekretion in der Tag- (08:00–20:00 h) und Nachtphase (20:00–08:00 h) zeigte keine signifikanten (P>.05) Unterschiede. Die Substitution von 15 % Stärke durch 15 % Rapsöl führte zu einer deutlichen (P<.05) Abnahme der α-Amylase zugunsten einer erhöhten (P<.05) Lipasesekretion. Die Fettoxidation durch Erhitzen verursachte einen weiteren Anstieg (P<.05) der Lipaseausscheidung. Die Untersuchungen belegen, daß die exokrine Pankreassekretion beim Schwein durch uantitative und qualitative Veränderungen des Nahrungsfettes zu beeinflussen ist.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada

    L. Ozimek & W. C. Sauer

  2. Institute of Animal Nutrition, University of Hohneheim, Emil-Wolff-Straße 10, 70599, Stuttgart

    R. Mosenthin

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  1. L. Ozimek
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  2. R. Mosenthin
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  3. W. C. Sauer
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Ozimek, L., Mosenthin, R. & Sauer, W.C. Effect of dietary canola oil and its degree of oxidation on exocrine pancreatic secretions in growing pigs. Z Ernährungswiss 34, 224–230 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01623162

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01623162

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