Summary
In a sample of 92 obese healthy women, 35 of them were chosen to follow a weight control program comprising both caloric restriction and exercise for three months. They were matched for age and weight with the remaining 57 women who also served as a control group. The entire sample was further stratified according to age into two categories of 20–34 and 35–50 years. The caloric supply was restricted to about 1000 kcal/day, in addition to a 1-h session of mild exercise which was performed twice weekly; the subjects' energy expenditure was 2200 kcal/day. Only the mean values of the biceps, triceps, and suprailiac skinfold measurements were significantly decreased (p<0.05) in the younger trained dieters when compared to their counterpart sedentary controls. On the other hand, obvious group variations appeared between body fat distribution when related to body weight and to blood pressure. Blood glucose revealed normal levels in the whole sample. Mean values were numerically lower in the older trained dieters than their matched sedentary controls, while they were significantly lower (p<0.05) in the younger trained dieters. Although blood pressure was in the normal range for all participants, a nonsignificant decrease was recorded for both age groups of the obese trained dieters upon completion of the program. The systolic blood pressure decreased by 5.4% and the diastolic by 6.7% regarding the younger age, while the decrease in the older age was 3.5% for the systolic and 4.8% for the diastolic blood pressure. It was concluded that, although the trained dieters were still obese, the caloric restriction was promoted synergistically by exercise, leading to a more harmonious fat distribution and to lower normal levels of blood pressure and blood glucose.
Zusammenfassung
Von 92 übergewichtigen gesunden Frauen wurden 25 einem dreimonatigen Gewichtskontrollprogramm unterworfen, das aus Energierestriktion und leichtem Sport bestand. Diese 35 Versuchspersonen (VP) entsprachen den restlichen als Kontrollgruppe dienenden 57 hinsichtlich Alter und Körpergewicht. Die Versuchsgruppe wurde in 2 Kategorien unterteilt, und zwar 20–34 bzw. 35–50jährige. Die Energieaufnahme wurde auf 1000 kcal täglich limitiert, dazu wurde zweimal wöchentlich leichter Sport getrieben. Der geschätzte Energieverbrauch lag bei 2200 kcal täglich. Das dreimonatige Programm führte zu einer Gewichtsreduktion aller VP, jedoch in unterschiedlichem Ausmaß. Die Werte der Bizeps-, Trizeps- und Suprailiakel-Hautfalten nahmen signifikant ab (p<0,05), jedoch ausgeprägt nur bei den jüngeren VP. Das Körpergewicht korrelierte signifikant (p<0,05) mit vielen anthropometrischen Messungen zur Körperfettverteilung, unterschiedlich bei den verschiedenen Versuchsgruppen. Nach Ende des Programms nahm der durchschnittliche Blutzuckerspiegel der jüngeren VP signifikant (p<0,05) ab. Bei den älteren VP bestand die gleiche Tendenz, jedoch nicht signifikant. Der Blutdruck aller VP wies am Anfang der Studie Werte im Normalbereich auf. Nach dem Programm erniedrigte sich systolischer und diastolischer Blutdruck bei den jüngeren VP um 5,4 bzw. 6,7%, bei den älteren VP betrugen die entsprechenden Werte 3,5 bzw. 4,8%.
Es wird geschlossen, daß — obwohl die VP weiterhin übergewichtig waren — Energiereduktion und Sport synergistisch zu einer harmonischeren Körperfettverteilung und niedrigeren Normwerten des Blutdruckes und der Blutzuckerspiegel führten.
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El-Shebini, S.M., Tapozada, S.T. & Hanna, L.M. Body fat distribution, blood pressure and blood glucose in Egyptian obese women undergoing a weight control program. Z Ernährungswiss 32, 103–112 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01614753
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01614753