Abstract
YAP:Nd crystals grown from the melt in molybdenum crucible under reducing (He-Ar-H2) protective atmosphere contain growth colour centre (brown appearance) due to surplus of metal ions. The colouration may be irreversibly removed by annealing at ≳ 1200 °C. Oxygen annealed crystals are improper as a laser active material because of colour centre formation (reddish appearance) which is substantially strenghtened by the pumping light. This phenomenon is connected with the presence of molybdenum (≳5 ppm) in a higher valence state. On the other hand the same crystals treated in vacuum or hydrogen need a limited filtration of the pumping light (up to 280–320 nm), to exclude detrimental role of iron impurity and they may be succesfully used in continuous and particularly in pulsed lasers. No ageing or erratic performance was found in the lasers using such crystals.
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Kvapil, J., Perner, B., Kvapil, J. et al. Spectral and laser properties of YAP:Nd grown in reducing atmosphere. Czech J Phys 36, 751–758 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01597414
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01597414