Skip to main content
Log in

Besteht ein Zusammenhang von Alkoholkonsum und sexuellem Risikoverhalten? Eine Diskussion konzeptioneller Aspekte am Beispiel HIV-infizierter Männer mit homosexuellem Verhalten

  • Published:
Sozial- und Präventivmedizin

Zusammenfassung

Besteht ein Zusammenhang zwischen Alkoholkonsum und sexuellen Risikokontakten? Führt Alkohol zu Risikokontakten? Es lassen sich zahlreiche Studien finden, die diese Frage bejaht haben. Ebenso lassen sich Studien finden, die mit modifizierten Forschungskonzepten diese Befunde nicht bestätigen konnten. Unter Verwendung von ereignisunspezifischen und situationsspezifischen Konzepten wurden diese Fragen bei einer Stichprobe von 64 HIV-infizierten Männern mit homosexuellem Verhalten untersucht. Einen signifikanten Zusammenhang von Alkoholkonsum und sexuellem Risikoverhalten konnten wir mit dem ereignisun-spezifischen Ansatz nicht feststellen. Auch Personen, die sexuelle Kontakte unter Alkoholeinfluss eingegangen waren (situationsspezifisches Konzept), gingen nicht überdurchschnittlich häufiger Risikokontakte ein. Die Personen hingegen, die unter Alkoholkonsum riskante sexuelle Praktiken eingegangen waren, erreichen sowohl hinsichtlich des Alkoholkonsums als auch des allgemein erfassten Schutz- und Risikoverhaltens lediglich Durchschnittswerte. Erst konkrete Zusatzfragen machen es möglich, sie als Personen mit Risikoverhalten zu identifizieren. Für Untersuchungen zum sexuellen Schutz- und Risikoverhalten erscheint die Kombination sich ergänzender Forschungskonzepte zweckmässig.

Summary

Does sexual risk behavior and alcohol consumption correlate or is sexual risk behavior due to alcohol consumption? These questions are controversially discussed in the literature. We investigated whether the two different methodological concepts (global association, e.g. not specific to the critial incident and situational association) cause these discrepancies in a sample of 64 HIV-infected gay men. There was no significant global association between alcohol consumption and sexual risk behavior. Using the situational approach, drinking was not related to sexual risk behavior. The combination of these two concepts may help to identify persons at risk.

Résumé

Est-ce que la consommation d'alcohol a une corrélation avec le comportement sexuel à risque óu est-ce que la consommation d'alcohol mène au comportement sexuel à risque? Ce problème est controversement discuté dans la litérature à l'heure actuelle. Cette investigation a pour but de démontrer si les deux concepts (association globale, c'est à dire non spécific à un évènement et association situationelle) expliquent les résultats dans une population de 64 personnes à comportement homosexuel infectées avec le SIDA. Ni l'association globale ni l'association situationelle du comportement sexuel avec la consommation d'alcohol démontrent des corrélations significantes. La combinaison des deux concepts pourrait aider à identifier des personnes avec un comportement sexuel à risque.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Literaturverzeichnis

  1. Williams DI, Stephenson JM, Hart GJ, et al. A case control study of HIV seroconversion in gay men, 1988–1993: What are the current risk factors? Genitourin Med 1996;72:193–196.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Hickson FCI, Reid DS, Davies PM, et al. No aggregate change in homosexual risk behaviour among gay men attending the Gay Pride festival, United Kingdom, 1993–1995. AIDS 1996;10:771–774.

    Google Scholar 

  3. WHO Regional Office for Europe. Alcohol and HIV/AIDS. Alcohol Plan and Global Programme on AIDS. Report on a Consultation. Report EUR/GPA 233, 1994.

  4. Stall RD, McKusick L, Wiley J, et al. Alcohol and drug use during sexual activity and compliance with safe sex guidelines for AIDS. The AIDS behavioral research project. Health Education Quarterly 1986;13:359–371.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Stall RD, Coates TJ, Hoff C. Behavioral risk reduction for HIV infection among gay and bisexual men. Am Psychologist 1988;43:878–885.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Bagnall G, Plant MA, Warwick W. Alcohol, drugs and AIDS-related risks: Results from a prospective study. AIDS-Care 1990;2:309–317.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Plant M. Alcohol, sex and AIDS. Alcohol and Alcoholism 1990;25:293–301.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Bagnall G, Plant MA. HIV/AIDS risks, alcohol and illicit drug use among young adults in areas of high and low rates of HIV infection. AIDS Care 1991;3:355–361.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Shafer MA, Boyer CB. Psychosocial and behavioral factors associated with risk of sexually transmitted diseases, including human immunodeficiency virus infection, among urban high school students. J Pediatrics 1991;119:826–833.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Penkower L, Dew MA, Kingsley L, et al. Behavioral, health and psychosocial factors and risk for HIV infection among sexually active homosexual men: the multicenter AIDS cohort study. Am J Public Health 1991;81:194–196.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Clapper RL, Lipsitt LP. A retrospective study of risk-taking and alcohol-mediated unprotected intercourse. J of Substance Abuse 1991;3:91–96.

    Google Scholar 

  12. McEwan RT, McCallum A, Bhopal RS, et al. Sex and the risk of HIV infection: The role of alcohol. Br J of Addiction 1992;87:577–587.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Calsyn DA, Saxon AJ, Wells EA, et al. Longitudinal sexual behavior changes in injecting drug users. AIDS 1992;6:1207–1211.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Paul JP, Stall R, Davis F. Sexual risk for HIV transmission among gay/bisexual men in substance-abuse treatment. AIDS Educ Prev 1993;5:11–24.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Lowry R, Holtzman D, Truman BI, et al. Substance use and HIV-related sexual behaviors among US high school students: are they related? Am J Public Health 1994;84:1116–1120.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Caetano R, Hines AM. Alcohol, sexual practices, and risk of AIDS among blacks, Hispanics, and whites. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol 1995;10:554–561.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Shillington AM, Cottler LB, Compton WM III, et al. Is there a relationship between “heavy drinking” and HIV high risk sexual behaviors among general population subjects? It J Addict 1995;30:1453–1478.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Simkins L. Risk of HIV transmission in sexual behaviors of college students. Psychol Rep 1995;76:787–799.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Latkin CA, Mandell W, Vlahov D. The relationship between risk networks' patterns of crack cocaine and alcohol consumption and HIV-related sexual behaviors among adult injection drug users: a prospective study. Drug Alcohol Dependence 1996;42:175–181.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Leigh BC. Alcohol consumption and sexual activity as reported with a diary technique. J of Abnormal Psychology 1993;102:490–493.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Gold RS, Skinner MJ. Situational factors and thought processes associated with unprotected intercourse in young gay men. AIDS 1992;6:1021–1030.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Temple MT, Leigh BC, Schafer J. Unsafe sexual behavior and alcohol use at the event level: results of a national survey. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 1993;6:393–401.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Morgan-Thomas R, Plant MA, Plant ML. Alcohol, AIDS risks and sex industry clients. Results from a Scottish study. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 1990;26:265–269.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Plant ML, Plant MA, Thomas RM. Alcohol, AIDS risk and commercial sex: Some preliminary results from a Scottish study. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 1990;25:51–55.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Bolton R, Vincke J, Mak R, et al. Alcohol and risky sex: In search of an elusive connection. Medical Anthropology 1992;14:323–363.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Weatherburn P, Davies PM, Hickson FCL, et al. No connection between alcohol use and unsafe sex among gay and bisexual men. AIDS 1993;7:115–119.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Leigh BC, Miller P. The relationship of substance use with sex to the use of condoms among young adults in two urban areas of Scotland. AIDS Educ Prev 1995;7:278–284.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Läuchli SR. Einfluss von Alkoholkonsum auf das Safer Sex Verhalten. Medizinische Dissertation, Institut für Sozial- und Präventivmedizin der Universität Zürich, 1996.

  29. McCusker J, Westenhouse J, Stoddard AM. Use of drugs and alcohol by homosexually active men in relation to sexual practices. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 1990;3:729–736.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Traeen B, Lewin B. Casual sex among Norwegian adolescents. Archives of Sexual Behavior 1992;21:253–269.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Leigh BC. Alcohol and unsafe sex: An overview of research and theory. In: Seminara D, Pawlowski A, Watson R, eds. Alcohol, immunomodulation and AIDS, Liss, New York, 1990:35–46.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Leigh BC, Stall R. Substance use and risky sexual behavior for exposure to AIDS. Issues in methodology, interpretation and prevention. Am Psychologist 1993;48:1035–1045.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Stall RD, Leigh BC. Understanding the relationship between drug or alcohol use and high risk sexual activity for HIV transmission: where do we go from here? Addiction 1994;89:131–134.

    Google Scholar 

  34. Donovan C, McEwan R. A review of the literature examining the relationship between alcohol use and HIV-related risk-taking in young people. Addiction 1995;90:319–328.

    Google Scholar 

  35. Ledergerber B, von Overbeck J, Egger M, et al. The Swiss HIV Cohort Study: rationale, organisation and selected baseline characteristics. Soz Praeventivmed 1994;39:387–394.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Heusser R, Tschopp A, Beuttler HJ, et al. Determinants of condom use—results from the Swiss HIV cohort Study. Abstract PoD5478, Abstract Book, Vol. 2, VIIIth International Conference on AIDS, Amsterdam, July 19–24th 1992.

  37. Robins AG, Dew MA, Davidson S, et al. Psychosocial factors associated with risky sexual behavior among HIV-seropositive gay men. AIDS Educ Prev 1994;6:483–492.

    Google Scholar 

  38. Sieber M, unter Mitwirkung vonFäh M, Niklowitz M. Die Bedeutung des HIV-Tests für die Aids-Prävention. Berl: Stämpfli, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  39. Valdiserri RO, Lyter D, Leviton LC, et al. Variables influencing condom use in a cohort of gay and bisexual men. Am J Public Health 1988;78:801–805.

    Google Scholar 

  40. Weatherburn P, Hunt AJ, Davies PM, et al. Condom use in a large cohort of homosexually active men in England and Wales. AIDS Care 1991;3:31–41.

    Google Scholar 

  41. Mayes-Dickerson S, Elsesser V, Hopkins-Schaefer J, et al. Sexual practices and AIDS knowledge among women partners of HIV-infected hemophiliacs. Publ Hlth Rep 1992;107:504–514.

    Google Scholar 

  42. Ostrow DG, Beltran E, Joseph J. Sexual behavior research on a cohort of gay men, 1984–1990: Can we predict how men will respond to interventions? Arch Sex Behav 1994;23:531–552.

    Google Scholar 

  43. Fahrenkrug H. Alkoholkonsum und Alkoholmissbrauch. In:Weiss W, Hrsg. Gesundheit in der Schweiz, Zürich: Seismo 1993:235–249.

    Google Scholar 

  44. Stall R, Ekstrand M, Pollack L, et al. Relapse from safer sex: The next challenge for AIDS prevention efforts. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 1990;3:1181–1187.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Niklowitz, M., Eich-Höchli, D. Besteht ein Zusammenhang von Alkoholkonsum und sexuellem Risikoverhalten? Eine Diskussion konzeptioneller Aspekte am Beispiel HIV-infizierter Männer mit homosexuellem Verhalten. Soz Präventivmed 42, 286–297 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01592325

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01592325

Navigation