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Root resorptions in upper first premolars after application of continuous intrusive forces

Intra-individual study

Wurzelresorptionen an oberen ersten Prämolaren nach Applikation kontinuierlicher intrudierender Kräfte

Intraindividuelle Untersuchung

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Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics / Fortschritte der Kieferorthopädie Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A scanning electron microscopy study of possible root resorptions and their localization after application of continuous forces of different magnitudes was conducted. Twelve upper first premolars, indicated for extraction, were previously intruded with constant forces. The teeth were divided into 3 groups: 1. non-moved control teeth, 2. continuous force application of 50 cN for 4 weeks, 3. continuous force application of 100 cN for 4 weeks. Specially designed NiTi-SE-stainless steel springs were utilized to exert the actual forces. After experimental tooth movement, the extracted teeth were dehydrated, metal-coated and examined by scanning electron microscopy. The intruded teeth showed resorptive areas consisting of lacunae (concavities) in the mineralized root surface. The teeth moved with 50 cN showed in the apical third several, in the medial third few, and in the cervical third no resorptive areas. In the case of the teeth moved with 100 cN, we observed resorptive areas in most of the apical third—including the apex contour—, several in the medial third, and none in the cervical third. In the control group no resorptions were observed. Thus, our results suggest that intrusion of human teeth with continuous forces induces root resorption, depending on the magnitude of force applied.

Zusammenfassung

Eine histologische Studie der möglichen Wurzelresorptionen und ihre Lokalisation bei der Anwendung kontinuierlicher Kräfte unterschiedlicher Größe wurde durchgeführt. Zwölf erste obere Prämolaren, die im Rahmen einer Extraktionstherapie entfernt werden sollten, wurden vorher mit konstanten Kräften intrudiert. Es erfolgte eine Einteilung in drei Gruppen: 1. nichtbewegte Kontrollzähne, 2. kontinuierliche Kraftapplikation mit 50 cN für vier Wochen, 3. kontinuierliche Kraftapplikation von 100 cN für vier Wochen. Zur Anwendung kamen speziell gefertigte NiTi-SE-Stahl-Federn, die die jeweiligen Kräfte ausübten. Die entfernten Zähne wurden nach entsprechender Aufarbeitung metallbeschichtet und in einem Rasterelektronenmikroskop untersucht. Die resorptiven Bereiche zeigten sich in Form von Lakunen (Konkavitäten) im Bereich der mineralisierten Wurzeloberfläche der intrudierten Zähne. Die mit 50 cN bewegten Zähne zeigten im apikalen Drittel mehrere, im medialen Drittel selten und im zervikalen Drittel keine resorptiven Bereiche. Bei den mit 100 cN bewegten Zähnen konnten resorptive Bereiche im überwiegenden Teil des apikalen Drittels-einschließlich der Wurzelspitzenkontur-, im mittleren Drittel nur gelegentlich und im zervikalen Drittel keine resorptiven Bereiche beobachtet werden. Bei der Kontrollgruppe traten keine Resorptionen auf. Eine Intrusion menschlicher Zähne mit kontinuierlichen Kräften verursacht Wurzelresorptionen, die von der angewandten Kraftgröße abhängig sind.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthodontics, University of Ulm, Oberer Eselsberg, D-89081, Ulm, Germany

    Rolf Marcon Faltin, Franz-Günter Sander & Andrea Wichelhaus

  2. Department of Histology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (IBC), University of Sao Paulo, Brazil

    Rolf Marcon Faltin & Victor Elias Arana-Chavez

  3. Department of Orthodontics, University Paulista, Brazil

    Rolf Marcon Faltin & Kurt Faltin

Authors
  1. Rolf Marcon Faltin
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  2. Victor Elias Arana-Chavez
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  3. Kurt Faltin
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  4. Franz-Günter Sander
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  5. Andrea Wichelhaus
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Faltin, R.M., Arana-Chavez, V.E., Faltin, K. et al. Root resorptions in upper first premolars after application of continuous intrusive forces. J Orofac Orthop/Fortschr Kieferorthop 59, 208–219 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01579165

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01579165

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