Abstract
High-level expression offtsA, an essential cell division gene inEscherichia coli, inhibits cell septation and causes the formation of filaments that develop spherical bulges up to 4 μm in diameter. These bulges may emanate from septation sites, since they were evenly spaced in relation to one another and to the cell poles. Electron microscopic examination of thin sections through the bulged regions reveals large electron-lucent, plate-like regions that appear to originate from the membrane. In addition, these bulging filamentous cells contain more hexosamine per mass than control cells. A model is proposed that the electron-lucent regions observed by electron microscopy are caused by peptidoglycan accumulation stimulated by the overexpression offtsA.
Similar content being viewed by others
Literature Cited
Bachman BJ (1990) Linkage map of Escherichia coli K-12, edition 8. Microbiol Rev 47:180–230
Begg KJ, Donachie WD (1985) Cell shape and division inEscherichia coli: experiments with shape and division mutants. J Bacteriol 163:615–622
Botta GA, Park JT (1981) Evidence for involvement of penicillin-binding protein 3 in murein synthesis during septation, but not during cell elongation. J Bacteriol 145:333–346
Burnette NW (1981) “Western blotting”: electrophoretic transfer of proteins from sodium dodecyl-sulfate-polyacrylamide gels to unmodified nitrocellulose and radiographic detection with antibody and radionated protein A. Anal Biochem 112:195–203
Chon Y, Gayda RC (1988) Studies with FtsA-LacZ protein fusions reveal FtsA located inner-outer membrane junctions. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 152:1023–1030
Descoteaux A, Drapeau GR (1987) Regulation of cell division inEscherichia coli K-12: probable interactions among proteins FtsQ, FtsA and FtsZ. J Bacteriol 169:1938–1942
Donachie WD, Begg KJ, Lutkenhaus JF, Salmond GPC, Martinez-Salas E, Vincente M (1979) Role of theftsA gene product in control ofEscherichia coli cell division. J Bacteriol 140:388–394
Donachie WD, Robinson AC, Begg KJ (1980) Mapping and characterization of mutants ofEscherichia coli cell division gene,ftsA. Mol Microbiol 2(5):581–588
Donachie WD, Begg KJ, Sullivan NF (1984) Morphogenes ofEscherichia coli. In: Losick R, Shapiro L (eds.),Microbial development. Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, pp 27–62
Elson LA, Morgan WTJ (1933) A colorimetric method for the determination of glucosamine and chondrosamine. Biochem J 27:1824–1828
Holtje J-V, Schwarz U (1985) Biosynthesis and growth of the murein sacculus. In: Nanniga N (ed) Molecular cytology ofEscherichia coli. London: Academic Press Inc., pp 77–119
Koch AL (1985) Bacterial wall growth and division or life without actin. Trends Biochem Sci 10:11–14
Lutkenhaus JF, Donachie WD (1979) Identification of the FtsA gene product. J Bacteriol 137:1088–1094
Lutkenhaus JF, Wolf-Watz H, Donachie WD (1980) Organization of genes in theftsA-envA region of theEscherichia coli genetic map and identification of a newfts locus (ftsZ). J Bacteriol 142:615–620
Mizusawa S, Gottesman S (1983) Protein degradation inEscherichia coli: thelon gene controls the stability of SulA protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 80:358–362
Nanninga N (1991) Cell division and peptidoglycan assembly inEscherichia coli. Mol Microbiol 5:791–795
Richard M, Hirota Y (1973) Process of cellular division inEscherichia coli: physiological study on thermosensitive mutants defective in septum formation. J Bacteriol 116:314–322
Robinson AC, Kenan DJ, Hatfull GF, Sullivan NF, Spiegelberg RS, Donachie WD (1984) DNA sequence and transcriptional organization of essential cell division genesftsQ andftsA ofEscherichia coli: evidence for overlapping transcriptional units. J Bacteriol 160:546–555
Schoemaker JM, Gayda RC, Markovitz A (1984) Regulation of cell division inEscherchia coli: SOS induction and cellular location of the SulA protein, a key tolon-associated filamentation and death. J Bacteriol 158:551–561
Sullivan NF, Donachie WD (1984) Overlapping functional units in a cell division cluster inEscherichia coli. J Bacteriol 158:1198–1201
Tormo, A, Vicente M (1984) The FtsA gene product participates in formation of theEscherichia coli septum structure. J Bacteriol 157:779–784
Tormo A, Ayala JA, de Pedro MA, Aldea M, Vincente M (1985) Interaction of FtsA and PBP-3 proteins in theEscherichia coli septum. J Bacteriol 166:985–992
Wang H, Gayda RC (1990) High-level expression of the FtsA protein inhibits cell septation inEscherichia coli. J Bacteriol 172:4736–4740
Wang H, Gayda RC (1992) Quantitative determination of FtsA at different growth rates inEscherichia coli using monoclonal antibodies. Mol Microbiol 6:2517–2524
Yi QM, Lutkenhaus JF (1985) The nucleotide sequence of the essential cell division geneftsZ ofEscherichia coli. Gene 36:241–247
Yi QM, Rochenbach S, Ward JE, Lutkenhaus J (1985) Structure and expression the cell division genesftsQ,ftsA, andftsZ. J Mol Biol 184:399–412
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wang, H., Henk, M.C. & Gayda, R.C. Overexpression of ftsA induces large bulges at the septal regions inEscherichia coli . Current Microbiology 26, 175–181 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01577374
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01577374