Abstract
The genes controlling the biosynthesis of the carotenes inMycobacterium aurum were clustered in a 10.83-kb segment. Fragments generated by endonuclease digestions of the segment were cloned into a pHLD69 shuttle vector. The plasmids so constructed were used to transform a colorless (albino)M. aurum mutant (strain A11), a brick-red mutant accumulating large amounts of lycopene (strain NgR9), the buff-coloredMycobacterium smegmatis MC2-155, and the buffcoloredMycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra. From the endonuclease digestion patterns and the phenotypes of the transformed strains, the partial physical and functional maps of a carotenogenesis operon were established. This investigation also showed that the genes controlling the conversion of lycopene into the xanthophylls were not located in the 10.83-kb segment.
Similar content being viewed by others
Literature cited
Batra P (1971) Mechanism of light-induced carotenoid synthesis in nonphotosynthetic plants. Photophysiol 6:47–76
Batra PP, Storms L (1968) Mechanisms of photoinduced and Antimycin A induced carotenoid synthesis inMycobacterium marinum. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 33:820–827
Belisle JT, Pascopella L, Inamine JM, Brennan PJ, Jacobs WR. (1991) Isolation and expression of a gene cluster responsible for biosynthesis of the glycopeptidolipid antigen ofMycobacterium avium. J Bacteriol 173:6991–6997
David HL (1974a) Biogenesis of β-carotene inMycobacterium kansasii. J Bacteriol 119:527–533
David HL (1974b) Carotenoid pigments ofMycobacterium kansasii. Appl Microbiol 28:696–699
David HL (1984) Carotenoid pigments of the mycobacteria.In: Kubica GP, Wayne LG (eds), The mycobacteria: a sourcebook, Part A. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., pp 537–545
Gicquel-Sanzay B, Moniz-Pereira J, Gheorghiu M. (1989) Structure of pAL 5000, a plasmid fromMycobacterium fortuitum and its utilisation in transformation of mycobacteria. Acta Leprol 7 (Suppl 1):S208-S211
Goodwin TW (1980) The biochemistry of the carotenoids, 2nd edn. London, New York: Chapman & Hall
Goodwin TW, Jimikorn M (1956) Studies in carotenogenesis. The carotenoids produced by different strains ofMycobacterium phlei. Biochem J 62:269–275
Gormley EP, Davies J. (1991). Transfer of plasmid RSF1010 by conjugation fromEscherichia coli andStreptomyces lividans andMycobacterium smegmatis. J Bacteriol 173:6705–6708
Hertberg S, Jensen SL (1966) Bacterial carotenoids. XIX. The carotenoids ofMycobacterium phlei strain Vera. 1. The structure of the minor carotenoids. Acta Chem Scand 20:1187–1194
Hopwood DA, Kieser T, Colston MJ, Lamb FI (1988) Molecular biology of mycobacteria. Br Med Bull 44:528–546
Houssaini-Iraqui M, Lazraq R, Clavel-Sérès S, Rastogi N, David HL (1992) Cloning and expression of Mycobacterium aurum carotenogenesis genes inMycobacterium smegmatis. FEMS Microbiol Lett 90:239–244
Howes CD, Batra PP (1970) Accumulation of lycopene and inhibition of cyclic carotenoids inMycobacterium in the presence of nicotine. Biochim Biophys Acta 222:174–179
Johnson JH, Reed BC, Rilling HC. (1974) Early photoinduced enzymes of photoinduced carotenogenesis in aMycobacterium species. J Biol Chem 249:402–406
Labidi A, David HL, Roulland-Dussoix D (1985a) Cloning and expression of mycobacterial plasmid DNA inEscherichia coli. FEMS Microbiol Lett 30:221–225
Labidi A, David HL, Roulland-Dussoix D. (1985b). Restriction endonuclease mapping and cloning ofMycobacterium fortuitum var.fortuitum plasmid pAL 5000. Ann Inst Pasteur Microbiol 136B:209–215
Lazraq R, Clavel-Sérès S, David HL, Roulland-Dussoix D. 1990. Conjugative transfer of shuttle plasmid fromEscherichia coli toMycobacterium smegmatis. FEMS Microbiol Lett 69:135–138
Lazraq R, Clavel-Sérès S, David HL (1991a) Transformation of distinct mycobacterial species by shuttle vectors derived fromMycobacterium fortuitum pAL5000 plasmid. Curr Microbiol 22:9–13
Lazraq R, Houssaini-Iraqui M, Clavel-Sérès S, David HL. (1990b). Cloning and expression of the origin of replication of mycobacteriophage D29 inMycobacterium smegmetis. FEMS Microbiol Lett 80:117–120
Lévy-Frébault V, David HL (1979) Mutations affecting corotenoid synthesis inMycobacterium aurum. J Gen Microbiol 115:317–323
Liaaen-Jensen S, Cohen-Bazire G, Nakayama TOM, Stanier RY (1958) The path of carotenoid synthesis in a photosynthetic bacterium. Biochim Biophys Acta 29:477–498
McFadden JJ (1990) Molecular biology of the mycobacteria. London: Surrey University Press
Porter JW, Anderson DG (1967) Biosynthesis of cartenes. Annu Rev Plant Physiol 18:197–228
Porter JW, Lincoln RE (1950) Lycopersicon selections containing a high content of carotenes and colorless polyenes. II. The mechanisms of carotene biosynthesis. Arch Biochem Biophys 27:390–409
Rastogi N, David HL, Rafidinarivo E (1983) Spheroplast fusion as a mode of genetic recombination in mycobacteria. J Gen Microbiol 129:1227–1237
Rauzier J, Moniz-Pereira J, Gicquel-Sanzey B (1988) Complete nucleotide sequence of pAL 5000, a plasmid fromMycobacterium fortuitum Gene 71:315–321
Rilling HC (1962). Photoinduction of carotenoid synthesis of aMycobacterium sp. Biochim. Biophys Acta 60:548–556
Runyon EH (1959) Anonymous mycobacteria in pulmonary disease. Med Clin North Am 43:273–290
Snapper SB, Lugosi L, Jekkel A, Melton RE, Kieser T, Bloom BR, Jacobs WR (1988) Lysogeny and transformation in mycobacteria: stable expression of foreign genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85:6987–6991
Snapper SB, Melton RE, Mustafa S, Kieser T, Jacobs WR. (1990). Isolation and characterization of efficient plasmid transformation mutants ofMycobacterium smegmatis. Mol Microbiol 4:1911–1919
Turian G (1950) Recherches sur la biosynthèse des carotenoides chez un bacille paratuberculeux. III. Inhibition de la pigmentation par la diphénylamine. Helv Chem Acta 33:1988–1993
Turian G, Haxo F (1952) Further use of diphenylamine for the study of carotenoid biosynthesis inMycobacterium phlei. J Bacteriol 63:690–691
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Houssaini-Iraqui, M., Clavel-Sérès, S., Rastogi, N. et al. Partial physical and functional map of aMycobacterium aurum carotenogenesis operon. Current Microbiology 26, 65–74 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01577338
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01577338