Summary and Conclusions
This paper makes no claim to be an exhaustive discussion of influential variables in the reciprocal inhibition treatment of phobias. Had it been, it would have also mentioned, at length and in detail, such considerations as lack of faith in the method, insufficient motivation to get well, obsessive-compulsive neurosis, the number of conditioning sessions, and the duration and intensity of phobias, all of which apparently play a role in the final outcome4.
The paper concentrates on other of the more important or intriguing limiting factors, as follows: the non-utilization of hypnosis, deficiencies in visualization and relaxation, the presence of free-floating anxiety, severe environmental stress, and the amount of secondary gain.
The improvement rate in 26 phobic patients immediately after desensitization therapy was 42%. Follow-up, 16 months to three years later, showed a decline in the improvement rate to 31%.
Considering the well-recognized and enormous difficulty in successfully treating phobic patients, one should not be too hasty in condemning these results. The rather meager therapeutic achievement merely points up the complexity of factors intervening between stimulus and response, mainly in the person of the patient, that “black box” of almost infinite variegation. In this respect, conditioning therapy faces the same difficulties as any other and in the field of symptom removal probably does better than most. Reciprocal inhibition treatment is a worthwhile addition to the psychiatrist's armamentarium and should be used wherever indications and expectations warrant it.
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This paper was submitted to theQuarterly on December 12, 1969.
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Glick, B.S. Some limiting factors in reciprocal inhibition therapy. Psych Quar 44, 223–230 (1970). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01562970
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01562970