Résumé
L'arrivée du sang dans le ventricule gauche est contrôlée par la valve atrioventriculaire entre l'atrium gauche et le ventricule gauche. Des études récentes ont montré que la valvule mitrale est un complexe comprenant l'anneau, les valves, les cordages tendineux, les muscles papillaires et le myocarde ventriculaire gauche sous-jacent. L'acceptation de cette conception anatomique permet une meilleure compréhension des causes rhumatismales et non-rhumatismales de la régurgitation mitrale. Une classification récente des cordages tendineux de la valvule mitrale d'après leur morphologie et leur origine d'insertion a rendu possible la redéfinition de l'anatomie de la valvule, éclaircissant quelques-unes des controverses sur le fonctionnement de la valve postérieure. De plus, on a établi des corrélations entre les aspects morphologiques et la vascularisation artérielle des muscles papillaires du ventricule gauche. Cette dernière ayant une portée significative lors de la dysfonction d'origine ischémique de l'appareil mitral. Dans cette étude, nous nous proposons de revoir l'anatomie de la valvule mitrale chez l'homme en insistant sur sa signification clinique.
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Ranganathan, N., Silver, M.D. Anatomie fonctionnelle de la valvule mitrale. Anat. Clin 2, 361–367 (1980). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01558626
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01558626