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Simple mastectomy and pectoral node biopsy: The Cardiff-St. Mary's trial

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Abstract

Between 1967 and 1973, 243 patients with breast cancer classified clinically as stages I and II were assigned by random sample to 2 major treatment groups and a number of subgroups. The 2 groups were treated by either simple mastectomy (with pectoral lymph node biopsy) or radical mastectomy. All patients with positive lymph nodes on histological examination received supplementary postoperative treatment which, in the simple mastectomy group, consisted of local radiotherapy to the axilla and, in the radical mastectomy group, consisted of radical radiotherapy to the axilla, chest wall, supraclavicular region and internal mammary region. By March 30, 1976, 166 of the 243 patients had completed 5 years of follow-up observation. There was no significant difference in survival rate, duration of life, incidence of disseminated cancer, or time of appearance of metastases between the conservative and radical treatment groups. The only significant difference observed in the trial occurred in patients with positive lymph nodes in whom treatment by radical mastectomy plus radical radiotherapy was associated with a significantly lower incidence of local cancer recurrence than was conservative treatment. Assessment of morbidity in 85 patients showed that patients with negative lymph nodes had significantly less morbidity following simple mastectomy than after radical mastectomy.

Résumé

De 1967 à 1973, 243 patients atteintes de cancer du sein classifié cliniquement comme stades I et II furent réparties au hasard en deux groupes divisés en un certain nombre de sousgroupes. Les deux groupes furent traités, l'un par mastectomie simple (avec biopsie ganglionnaire pectorale), l'autre par mastectomie radicale. Toutes les patientes ayant des ganglions envahis à l'examen histologique reÇurent un traitement postopératoire complémentaire: radiothérapie locale du creux axillaire pour les mastectomies simple; radiothérapie radicale du creux axillaire, de la paroi thoracique, de la région susclaviculaire et de la chaÎne mammaire interne pour les mastectomies radicales. Au 30 mars 1976, 166 des 243 patientes avaient été suivies pendant 5 ans. Quel que soit le traitement, nous n'avons pas observé de variations significatives pour la survie, la dissémination cancéreuse ou le délai d'apparition des métastases. La seule différence significative dans cet essai concerne les patientes ayant des ganglions envahis. Dans ce groupe, la mastectomie radicale complétée par une radiothérapie radicale est suivie d'un nombre de récidives locales plus faible qu'après traitement conservateur. L'étude de la morbidité chez 85 malades a montré que, lorsque les ganglions ne sont pas envahis, la fréquence des complications est moindre après mastectomie simple qu'après mastectomie radicale.

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References

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Forrest, A.P.M., Roberts, M.M., Cant, E.L.M. et al. Simple mastectomy and pectoral node biopsy: The Cardiff-St. Mary's trial. World J. Surg. 1, 320–323 (1977). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01556848

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01556848

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