Summary
The immersion times, contact angle and also the partition between solvents, have been measured experimentally for a series of powdered solids. According to experimental results obtained here a characterization comparison of the solids studied is undertaken with other solids taken as model systems. Thus, a classification of substances is proposed in terms of qualitative differences in free energies of immersion in water
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1.
Solids having a positive free energy of immersion or solids intrinsically non-wetted by water. This group would comprise the substances normally referred to as hydrophobic, i. e. paraffins, organic polymers etc., which could be ordered in terms of their critical surface tension.
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2.
Solids having a negative free energy of immersion. This group can be subdivided in two further groups according to the affinity for a specific phase (partition experiments).- Substances concentrated in organic phase;- Substances concentrated in aqueous phase.
Zusammenfassung
Für eine Reihe pulverförmiger Festkörper wurde die Immersionszeit, der Benetzungswinkel und die Verteilung zwischen verschiedenen Lösungsmitteln gemessen. Aus den Ergebnissen wird eine Klassifizierung vorgeschlagen, welche qualitative Unterschiede in der Freien Energie der Immersion in Wasser berücksichtigt:
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1.
Festkörper mit einer positiven Immersionsenergie. Zu dieser Gruppe gehören die normalerweise als hydrophob bezeichneten Stoffe, wie z. B. Paraffin und organische Polymere.
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2.
Stoffe mit einer negativen Freien Immersionsenergie, die sich nach dem Verteilungsverhalten in zwei Untergruppen gliedern lassen: a) Stoffe, die sich in der organischen Phase anreichern, und b) Stoffe, die sich in der wässerigen Phase anreichern.
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Garbsva, S., Contreras, S. & Goldfarb, J. Hydrophobic characterization of powder Some criteria and experimental evidence. Colloid & Polymer Sci 256, 241–250 (1978). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01550554
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01550554