Skip to main content
Log in

The negative activity limit of stability and the coagulation values of silver halides

II. Influence of the solvent composition

  • Kolloide und Natürliche Makromoleküle
  • Published:
Kolloid-Zeitschrift und Zeitschrift für Polymere Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

The negative stability limit of AgI shifts with increasing concentrations of the solvents ethanol, acetone and glycine in water asymptotically to a lower limiting pAg value. The main shift occurs in 10 mol% of acetone and ethanol and 1.8 mol% of glycine from pAg 6.2 in water to 3.0, 4.2 and 3.0 resp. In solutions of the same solvent content the coagulation values remain practically equal to the coagulation values in pure water, the change being less than 0.2. In the negative stability region from pI 1 to the negative stability limit in the water solvent mixture the coagulation values of cations of valency 1,2 and 3 are practically constant and independent of the activity of the potential determining ion in excess. The negative limit in 10 to 15 mol% acetone and ethanol in the AgBr system is 4.7 and 5.4 resp. The present results were shown to confirm well the ion exchange theory of coagulation.

Zusammenfassung

Die negative Stabilitätsgrenze von AgI verlagert sich mit steigenden Konzentrationen der Lösungsmittel Äthylalkohol, Aceton und Glycin in Wasser asymptotisch zu niedrigeren pAg-Grenzwerten. Die Hauptverschiebung findet in 10 Mol%igem Aceton und Äthylalkohol und 1,8 Mol%igem Glycin von pAg 6,2 in Wasser zu 3,0, 4,2 und 3,0 resp. statt. In Lösungen vom selben Gehalt bleiben die Koagulationswerte praktisch gleich denen im reinen Wasser; die Änderung ist kleiner als 0,2. Im negativen Stabilitätsbereich von pI 1 zur negativen Stabilitätsgrenze in Wasser-Lösungsmittel-Gemischen sind die Koagulationswerte von Kationen der Valenz 1–3 praktisch konstant und unabhängig von der Aktivität des potentialbestimmenden Ions. Die negative Grenze ist in 10–15 Mol% Aceton und Äthyläther im AgBr-System 4,7 und 5,4 resp. Diese Resultate bestätigen gut die Ionenaustauschtheorie der Koagulation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Mirnik, M., F. Flajšman, K. F. Schulz and B. Težak, J. Phys. Chem. 60, 1473 (1956); Mirnik, M., Ibid., J. Phys. Chem. 65, 1635 (1961).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Kratohvil, J. P., M. Orhanović and E. Matijević, Ibid., 64, 1216 (1960); Mirnik, M., Croat. Chem. Acta, 34, 97 (1962).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Mirnik, M. and B. Težak, Arhiv kem. 23, 1 (1951); Mirnik, M. and R. Despotović, Croat. Chem. Acta 132, 139 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  4. Mirnik, M., Nature 190, 689 (1961).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Mirnik, M. and M. J. Herak, Nature (In course of publication).

  6. Herak, M. J. and M. Mirnik, Kolloid-Z. 168, 139 (1960).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Herak, M. J. and M. Mirnik, Kolloid-Z. 178, 130 (1961).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Mirnik, M. and B. Težak, Arhiv kem. 21, 109 (1949).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Mirnik, M. and B. Težak, Ibid., 23, 44 (1951).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Mirnik, M. and B. Težak, Trans. Faraday Soc. 50, 65 (1954).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Mirnik, M. and B. Težak, Arhiv. kem. 23, 59 (1951).

    Google Scholar 

  12. Herz, A. H. and J. O. Helling, J. Colloid Sci. 16, 199 (1961).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Matijević, E., K. Schulz, J. Kratohvil, R. Wolf and B. Černicki, J. Coll. Sci. Suppl. 1954, p. 118.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

Contribution No. 102 from the Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Yugoslavia.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Mirnik, M., Flajšman, F. & Težak, B. The negative activity limit of stability and the coagulation values of silver halides. Kolloid-Z.u.Z.Polymere 185, 138–144 (1962). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01542349

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01542349

Keywords

Navigation