Abstract
Copulatory behavior of wild-born individually caged laboratory stumptail monkeys (Macaca arctoides) was investigated. The monkeys were paired daily for 20 min, and altogether 536 pairings were observed. The influence of the female's menstrual cycle and social factors on male sexual activity was determined. The reactions of the other monkeys during a pairing, and masturbation behavior of the males were observed and described. It was found that when a male and female were paired daily their sexual activity remained on a rather constant and high level for months provided the pair could not see, touch, or smell each other between the pairings. In these conditions the most common copulatory behavior consisted of 3–4 ejaculations. When the couple lived continuously in adjacent cages, which allowed them visual, tactual, and olfactory communication between pairings, the male ejaculated, on the average, only once during five successive pairings. Thus separation and reunion was potent in triggering sexual activity. When the couple was visually separated between sessions the male's sexual activity did not depend on the menstrual cycle of the female. The males initiated copulation and the females were always willing, except in later stages of pregnancy, to cooperate. All males masturbated to ejaculation and it was often triggered by copulation, masturbation, or any happening causing arousal in the colony. The females were never seen to masturbate outside of the heterosexual context.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Blurton Jones, N. G., and Trollope, J. (1968). Social behaviour of stump-tailed macaques in captivity.Primates 9: 365–394.
Bertrand, M. (1969).The Behavioral Repertoire of the Stumptail Macaques S. Karger, Basel, New York, pp. 178–203.
Chevalier-Skolnikoff, S. (1974). Male-female, female-female and male-male sexual behavior in the stumptail monkey with special attention to the female orgasm.Arch. Sex. Behav. 3: 95–116.
Chevalier-Skolnikoff, S. (1975). Heterosexual copulatory patterns in stumptail macaques (Macaca arctoides) and in other macaque species.Arch. Sex. Behav. 4: 199–220.
Dukelow, W. R., Grauwiler, J., and Brüggemann, S. (1979). Characteristics of the menstrual cycle in nonhuman primates. I. Similarities and dissimilarities betweenMacaca fascicularis andMacaca arctoides.J. Med. Primatol. 8: 39–47.
Goldfoot, D. A., Slob, A. K., Scheffer, G., Robinson, J. A., Wiegand, S. J., and Cords, J. (1975). Multiple ejaculations during prolonged sexual tests and lack of resultant serum testosterone increases in male stumptail macaques (Macaca arctoides).Arch. Sex. Behav. 4: 547–560.
Goldfoot, D. A., Wiegand, S. J., and Scheffer, G. (1978). Continued copulation in ovariectomized adrenal-suppressed stumptail macaques (Macaca arctoides).Horm. Behav. 11: 89–99.
Hyvärinen, J., Linnankoski, I., Poranen, A., Leinonen, L., and Altonen, M. (1978). Use of monkeys as experimental animals.Ann. Acad. Sci. Fenn. (Med) A. 172: 1–27.
Hyvärinen, J., and Linnankoski, I. (1979). Breeding results in a colony of stumptail macaques (Macaca arctoides) used in physiological experiments.Primate Rep. 4: 53–54.
Kanawaga, H., Hafez, E. S. E., Nawar, M. M., and Jaszczak, S. (1972). Patterns of sexual behavior and anatomy of copulatory organs in macaques.Z. Tierpsychol. 31: 449–460.
Lemmon, W. B., and Oakes, E. (1967). “Tieing” between stumptailed macaques during mating.Primate Newslett. 6: 14–15.
MacDonald, G. J. (1971). Reproductive patterns of three species of macaques.Fertil. Steril. 22: 373–377.
Slob, A. K., Wiegand, S. J., Goy, R. W., and Robinson, J. A. (1978). Heterosexual interactions in laboratory-housed stumptail macaques (Macaca arctoides): Observations during the menstrual cycle and after ovariectomy.Horm. Behav. 10: 193–211.
Stenger, V. G. (1972). Studies on reproduction in the stumptailed macaque. In Beveridge, W. J. B. (ed.),Breeding Primates, Proceedings of the International Symposium Karger, Basel, pp. 100–104.
Trollope, J., and Blurton Jones, N. G. (1970). Breeding the stump-tailed macaque (Macaca arctoides).Lab. Anim. 4: 161–169.
Trollope, J., and Blurton Jones, N. G. (1975). Aspects of reproduction and reproductive behavior inMacaca arctoides.Primates 16: 191–205.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Linnankoski, I., Hytönen, Y., Leinonen, L. et al. Determinants of sexual behavior ofMacaca arctoides in a laboratory colony. Arch Sex Behav 10, 207–222 (1981). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01542179
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01542179