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Human cytomegalovirus infection is not increased in common variable immunodeficiency

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Abstract

It has been postulated that human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection may have a role in the pathogenesis of common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). Many patients have a lymphocyte phenotype similar to that seen in HCMV infection, HCMV mononucleosis may precipitate hypogammaglobulinaemia, and a previous small study of common variable immunodeficient patients reported a high rate of active HCMV infection. This study investigated the presence and activity of HCMV infection in 102 CVID patients. Buffy coats were examined for the presence of HCMV IE and glycoprotein B genes using highly sensitive nested PCR. 30 blood donors of known HCMV serologic status were used as controls. There was no significant difference in HCMV positivity by PCR between patients and controls. Enrichment for mononuclear cells prior to PCR had no effect on sensitivity. Twenty-five patients were also examined for HCMV antigenaemia by staining buffy coat cytospins with monoclonal antibodies directed against the HCMV pp65 lower matrix protein, a technique widely used for diagnosis of active HCMV disease. Only one patient was positive (and also positive by PCR). Whilst these results do not exclude prior infection contributing to antibody deficiency in a small proportion of CVID patients, this study refutes the previously reported increase in active HCMV infection in CVID.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical Immunology, Churchill Hospital, 0X3 7LJ, Headington, Oxford, UK

    C. G. Mullighan, A. G. Bird & H. M. Chapel

  2. Department of Virology, John Radcliffe Hospital, 0X3 9DU, Headington, Oxford, UK

    S. J. Read & J. B. Kurtz

  3. Tissue Typing Laboratory, Nuffield Department of Surgery, Churchill Hospital, OX3 7LJ, Headington, Oxford, UK

    K. I. Welsh

Authors
  1. C. G. Mullighan
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  2. S. J. Read
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  3. A. G. Bird
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  4. J. B. Kurtz
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  5. H. M. Chapel
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  6. K. I. Welsh
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Mullighan, C.G., Read, S.J., Bird, A.G. et al. Human cytomegalovirus infection is not increased in common variable immunodeficiency. J Clin Immunol 16, 272–277 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01541392

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01541392

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