Abstract
Hamster-human hybrids which contained an inactive human X chromosome were treated by 5-azacytidine. Hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase derepressed hybrids were selected and derepression of three other loci, phosphoglycerate kinase, alpha-galactosidase, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase were studied. Among 32 hybrids selected for hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase, two were found to be reactivated at four X loci. The independence or nonindependence of the reactivation events will be discussed. No correlation was found between the time of replication and the expression or nonexpression of the X chromosome genes: X chromosomes reactivated at four loci remained late replicating; conversely early replication can exist without the expression of some X genes.
Similar content being viewed by others
Literature cited
Lyon, M.F. (1961).Nature 190:372–373.
Mohandas, T., Shapiro, L.J., Sparkes, R.S., and Sparkes, M.E. (1979).Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 76:5779–5783.
Mohandas, T., Sparkes, R.S., and Shapiro, L.J. (1980).Science 211:393–396.
Lester, S.S., Korn, N.J., and De Mars, R. (1982).Somat. Cell Genet. 8:265–284.
Jones, P.A., and Taylor, S.M. (1980).Cell 20:85–93.
Jones, P.A., and Taylor, S.M. (1981).Nucleic Acid Res. 9:2933–2947.
Creusot, F., Acs, G., and Christman, J.K. (1982).J. Cell Biol. 257:2041–2048.
Riggs, A.D. (1975).Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 14:9–25.
Liskay, R.M., and Evans, R.J. (1980).Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 77:4895–4898.
Venolia, L., Gartler, S.M., Wassman, E.R., Yen, P., Mohandas, T., and Shapiro, L.J. (1982).Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 79:2352–2354.
Chapman, V.M., Kratzer, P.G., Siracusa, L.D., Quarantillo, B.A., Evans, R., and Linskay, R.M. (1982).Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 79:5357–5361.
Tally, N.-M., and Cedar, H. (1981).Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 78:4246–4250.
Kruczek, I., and Doerfler, W. (1982).Embo J. 1:409–414.
Wigler, M.H. (1981).Cell 24:285–286.
Russel, L. (1961).Science 133:1795–1803.
Mohandas, T., Sparkes, R.S., and Shapiro, L.J. (1982).Am. J. Hum. Genet. 34:811–817.
Westerveld, A., Visser, R.P.L.S., Meera Khan, P., and Bootsma, D. (1971).Nature (London), New Biol. 234:21–24.
Weil, D., Nguyen, V.C., Rebourcet, R., Gross, M.S., Foubert, C., and Frézal, J. (1981).Ann. Genet. 24:89–92.
Dutrillaux, B., and Lejeune, J. (1971).C.R. Acad. Sci. 272:2638–2640.
Latt, S.A., Willard, H.F., and Gerald, P.S. (1976).Chromsoma (Berl.) 57:135–153.
Dutrillaux, B., and Couturier, J. (1981). InLa pratique de l'analyse chromosomique, (Masson, Paris).
Cure, S., and Boué, A. (1976). InMethods in Cell Biology, Vol. 14, (ed.) Prescott, D.M. (Academic Press, New York), pp. 125–130.
Johnson, G.G., Eisenberg, L.R., and Migeon, B.R. (1979).Science 203:174–176.
Meera Khan, P. (1971).Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 145:470–483.
Van Someren, H., Beijersbergen, Van Henegouwen, H., Los, W., Wurzer-Figurelli, E., Doppert, B., Vervloet, M., and Meera Khan, P. (1974).Hum. Genet. 25:189–201.
Zakharov, A.F., and Egolina, N.A. (1968).Chromosoma 23:365–385.
Stubblefield, E. (1975).Chromosoma (Berl.) 53:209–221.
Westerweld, A., Visser, R., Freeke, M.A., and Bootsma, D. (1972).Biochem. Genet. 7:33–40.
Deaven, L.L., and Petersen, D.F. (1973).Chromosoma (Berl.) 41:129–144.
Mohandas, T., Sparkes, R.S., Shulkin, J.D., Toomey, K.E., and Funderburk, S.J. (1979).Am. J. Hum. Genet. 31:586–600.
Graves, J.A.M., and Young, G.J. (1982).Exp. Cell Res. 141:87–97.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hors-Cayla, M.C., Heuertz, S. & Frezal, J. Coreactivation of four inactive X genes in a hamster × human hybrid and persistence of late replication of reactivated X chromosome. Somat Cell Mol Genet 9, 645–657 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01539470
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01539470