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Interleukin-4 plus tumor necrosis factor α augments the antigenicity of melanoma cells

  • Original Articles
  • Interleukin 4, CD4, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Melanoma
  • Published:
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Abstract

Immune cytokines are important regulators of the immune response to neoplastic cells. We previously reported that interleukin 4 (IL-4) and either tumor necrosis factor α (TNF) or interferon γ (IFN) synergistically inhibit melanoma cell growth and induce cell differentiation. In the present study we used various combinations of IL-4, IFN and TNF to enhance the antigenicity of melanoma cells. IL-4 plus TNF significantly increased the ability of melanoma cells to stimulate cytotoxic T cells (CTL) and act as targets of these CTL; IL-4 plus IFN was somewhat less effective, while TNF plus IFN was not as effective. IL-4 plus TNF also increased the expression of HLA class I and HLA-DR antigens on melanoma cells. The CTL lines examined in this study were CD3+CD4+ and oligoclonal. These preclinical results suggest that the immune response to melanoma whole-cell vaccines might be enhanced by pretreating vaccine cells with IL-4 plus TNF.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Hospital and Health Center, 90404, Santa Monica, CA, USA

    Dave S. B. Hoon, Yoshihiko Hayashi, Takashi Morisaki, Leland J. Foshag & Donald L. Morton

Authors
  1. Dave S. B. Hoon
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  2. Yoshihiko Hayashi
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  3. Takashi Morisaki
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  4. Leland J. Foshag
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  5. Donald L. Morton
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Additional information

This study was supported by grant CA 12582 from the National Cancer Institute, DHHS, and by the Joseph Drown Foundation

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Hoon, D.S.B., Hayashi, Y., Morisaki, T. et al. Interleukin-4 plus tumor necrosis factor α augments the antigenicity of melanoma cells. Cancer Immunol Immunother 37, 378–384 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01526794

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01526794

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