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Renal and vascular activity of prolactin preparations

Renale und vaskuläre Wirkung von Prolaktinpräparaten

Contamination of prolactin preparations with ADH and implications on renal and vascular prolactin research

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Zusammenfassung

Dem Prolaktin, als „Breitspektrumhormon“, werden vaskuläre und renale Wirkungen bei Mensch und Tier zugeschrieben. Jedoch sind die Prolaktinpräparate verschiedener Tiergattungen mit neurohypophysären Hormonen (ADH, Oxytozin) verunreinigt, die vaskuläre und renale Effekte bewirken. Antiseren gegen ADH, Oxytozin und Prolaktin können als spezifische Inaktivatoren der biologischen Aktivität des betreffenden Hormons angesehen werden; das Oxytozinase-Vasopressinase System des Schwangerenplasmas zerstört ADH und Oxytozin. Inkubations-Identifizierungs-Experimente mit Antiseren gegen ADH, Oxytozin und Prolaktin ergaben, daß Veränderungen von Blutdruck, Diurese und Harnosmolarität nicht dem Prolaktin per se zugeschrieben werden können, sondern der ADH Verunreinigung von Prolaktinpräparaten eigen sind. Außerdem zeigten Diureseuntersuchugen bei Mensch und Tier, daß Prolaktin nicht die renale Wasser-und Elektrolytausscheidung beeinflußt. Aus diesem Grunde sollten frühere Veröffentlichungen über vaskuläre und renale Prolaktinwirkungen bei Mensch und Tier mit großer Zurückhaltung beurteilt werden. Die Verunreinigung von Prolaktinpräparaten mit neurohypophysären Hormonen kann durch Inkubation von Prolaktinlösungen mit Antiseren gegen ADH und Oxytozin oder mit Schwangerenplasma eliminiert werden; dadurch wird es möglich, die echten biologischen Wirkungen des Prolaktinmoleküls abzugrenzen.

Summary

Prolactin, as a “broad spectrum hormone”, has been described to exert also vascular and renal actions in laboratory animals and in humans. However, prolactin preparations of various species are contaminated with neurohypophysial hormones (ADH, oxytocin) which possess vascular and renal activities. Antisera against ADH, oxytocin and prolactin are rather specific inactivators of the biologic activity of the respective hormone; the oxytocinasevasopressinase system of pregnancy plasma destroys ADH and oxytocin. Incubation-identification procedures with antisera against ADH, oxytocin and prolactin and with pregnancy plasma revealed that changes in blood pressure, urine flow and urinary osmolarity cannot be ascribed to prolactin per se but to the ADH impurity of prolactin preparations. Furthermore, recent metabolic studies in normally hydrated, overhydrated and dehydrated animals and humans have shown that prolactin does not affect renal water and electrolyte excretion. Thus, earlier reports on vascular and renal activity of prolactin in laboratory animals and humans should be viewed with great caution. Elimination of neurohypophysial hormone impurities of prolactin preparations by incubation with either ADH and oxytocin antisera or with pregnancy plasma provides techniques for better assessment of the real biologic effects of the prolactin molecule.

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  1. Departments of Obstetrics-Gynecology and of Pharmacology, The University of New Mexico, School of Medicine, 87131, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA

    H. Vorherr

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Vorherr, H. Renal and vascular activity of prolactin preparations. Klin Wochenschr 57, 101–110 (1979). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01476049

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