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Use of structural anchors in underground hydraulic structures

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Hydrotechnical Construction Aims and scope

Conclusions

  1. 1.

    The experience of using structural anchors in underground hydraulic structures shows that there are still large reserves for creating lightweight economical structural elements of underground structures.

  2. 2.

    A thin-walled drained lining anchored to rock is an effective and reliable structure recommended for wide use in workings being constructed in rocks with a strength coefficient fst⩾4.

  3. 3.

    When pressure tunnels are located near the surface (including near a slope) a passive resistance of the rock can be provided by using support bars drawing a large volume of rock into work.

  4. 4.

    Concrete linings with a steel lining on downstream transition sections of gate chambers of high-head spillways experiencing considerable loads from pressure fluctuations in the flow and groundwater pressure should be made with a minimum thickness (from the condition of installing the lining) and anchored to rock.

  5. 5.

    Steel branches (forks) of high-head underground conduits in rocks can be lightened by transmitting part of the unbalanced forces through a system of support rods to the rock mass and encasing concrete.

  6. 6.

    Operating experience showed that the protective anchor-grout cutoff in the foundation of the end structure of underground spillways is an economical, technological, and reliable structure.

  7. 7.

    In large tunnels and chambers experiencing groundwater pressure it is recommended to support the walls by a thin smoothing, drained lining and anchors installed according to two systems: deep for creating the rock walls; ordinary for fastening the smoothing lining to the rock walls.

  8. 8.

    For accommodating crane tracks in chambers various supports can be used depending on the characteristics of the rocks, geometry of the working, and load capacity of the crane: bar, cantilever-bar, beam-bar, and arch-bar.

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Literature cited

  1. V. F. Ilyushin and V. M. Chirkov, “Lining of a water-conveyance hydraulic structure,” Inventor's Certificate No. 1060752, Byull. Izobret., No. 46 (1983).

  2. V. F. Ilyushin and V. M. Chirkov, “Lining of a water-conveyance hydraulic structure,” Inventor's Certificate No. 1086062, Byull. Izobret., No. 41 (1985).

  3. V. F. Ilyushin and V. M. Nasberg, “Shallow pressure tunnel,” Inventor's Certificate No. 1073367, Byull. Izobret., No. 6 (1984).

  4. V. F. Ilyushin, “Pressure tunnel,” Inventor's Certificate No. 1093753, Byull. Izobret., No. 19 (1984).

  5. V. F. Ilyushin, “Lining of an underground structure,” Inventor's Certificate No. 1113465, Byull. Izobret., No. 34 (1984).

  6. S. A. Yufin, “Prestressed anchors in hydrotechnical construction,” Énerg. Stroit. Rubezhom, No. 1, 17–21 (1979).

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Authors
  1. V. F. Ilyushin
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Additional information

Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 3, pp. 14–19, March, 1986.

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Ilyushin, V.F. Use of structural anchors in underground hydraulic structures. Hydrotechnical Construction 20, 135–143 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01431876

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01431876

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