Conclusions
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1.
The generation of sand ridges on an even sand bottom in a certain interval of the flow velocities occurs due to the effect of stationary waves on the bottom of the flow.
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2.
The ridges occurring serve as the source of a new structure of the stationary waves generating new sand ridges, and the spectrum of the waves and ridges becomes multimodal.
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3.
Reconstruction of the stationary waves and sand ridges continues until a stable structure is established, the time of establishment of such a structure coinciding with the end of the formation of the channel.
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4.
The length of the stationary waves coincides with the length of the sand ridges, the picture of the sand surface represents a mirror image of the water surface: for all wavelengths the troughs of the ridges correspond to the crests of the waves.
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5.
The height of the sand ridge for a given depth of the flow is uniquely determined by the height of the stationary waves.
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Additional information
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 11, pp. 26–29, November, 1986.
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Mel'nikova, O.N., Shevchenko, O.B. & Emel'yanov, A.V. Investigation of sand ridges in a laboratory channel flow. Hydrotechnical Construction 20, 647–652 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01427345
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01427345