Conclusions
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1.
The method of placing soil in water is further improvement of construction technology. It eliminates many shortcomings inherent to the method with mechanical compaction, and even the hydraulic-filling method.
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2.
The method makes it possible to substantially simplify construction works, especially in rainy weather, and to obtain at a high rate uniform compaction, the required density and moisture content, and to shorten the construction period due to year-round construction compared with the usual methods.
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3.
Placement experience shows that soils varying in their particle-size distribution from loess and moraine loamy sands to dense clays and even certain low-strength soils can be used under appropriate conditions.
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4.
As the most effective measure, the method of placing soils in water is applicable for joining watertight earth elements in contact zones with the rock walls of canyons, with the foundation of an earth structure, and with concrete structural members.
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5.
Plugging of the porous foundation (alluvial deposits) beneath hydraulic structures under a head is possible under certain conditions and is regarded as a measure making it possible to do away with grout curtains, sheet-pile walls, and other measures, and hence simplifies the works and reduces cost.
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6.
On the basis of the experience of the dams constructed in the USSR and abroad, for well-consolidated soils or in the case of placing thin watertight cores (membranes) with expulsion of water into well-drained shoulders the pore pressure should be taken into account only for the initial stage of compaction.
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7.
In view of the reliable work of earth dams we can conlcude that no structures constructed by the method of placing soils in water have experienced dangerous cracking and therefore the given method is recommended by the authors for wider use in constructing hydraulic structures.
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Additional information
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 11, pp. 24–28, November 1983.
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Komarinskii, M.V., Bulyatov, G.Y. Improvement of the construction of earth structures. Hydrotechnical Construction 17, 572–578 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01424752
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01424752